Strengthening and neuromuscular reeducation of the gluteus maximus in a triathlete with exercise-associated cramping of the hamstrings.

@article{Wagner2010StrengtheningAN,
  title={Strengthening and neuromuscular reeducation of the gluteus maximus in a triathlete with exercise-associated cramping of the hamstrings.},
  author={Tracey Wagner and Nazly Behnia and Won-Kay Lau Ancheta and Richard Shen and Shawn Farrokhi and Christopher M. Powers},
  journal={The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy},
  year={2010},
  volume={40 2},
  pages={
          112-9
        }
}
STUDY DESIGN Case report. OBJECTIVE To highlight the effects of an intervention program consisting of strengthening and neuromuscular reeducation of the gluteus maximus in an elite triathlete with exercise-associated muscle cramping (EAMC). BACKGROUND Researchers have described 2 theories concerning the etiology of EAMC: (1) muscle fatigue and (2) electrolyte deficit. As such, interventions for EAMC typically consist of stretching/strengthening of the involved muscle and/or supplements to… 
View on PubMed
jospt.org
56 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
1
Background Citations
25
Results Citations
3

Figures from this paper

56 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Gluteus Maximus and Hamstring Activation During Selected Weight-Bearing Resistance Exercises
TLDR
Comparing the activation of the 2 muscle groups in all exercises, the GM seems to be the primary muscle recruited whereas the MSLS seems to produce greater gluteus maximus and HG activation.
Does short-term gluteal activation enhance muscle performance?
TLDR
The current gluteal activation programme did not enhance EMG activity and hip extension force therefore, the body-weight exercises may not have been sufficient to elicit the appropriate changes.
Gluteus Maximus inhibition in proximal hamstring tendinopathy
TLDR
It is demonstrated that individuals with proximal hamstring tendinopathy present ipsilateral Gluteus Maximus inhibition with hypotrophy and diminished strength, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation partially restores muscular strength.
EMG Activity of Gluteal, Abdominal, Back and Hamstring Muscles during Lunge in Three Direction and Wall Squat Position in Asymptomatic Individuals
TLDR
S sideway lunge might be the most appropriate position for enhancing gluteal, hamstring and back muscles in asymptomatic individuals.
Which exercises target the gluteal muscles while minimizing activation of the tensor fascia lata? Electromyographic assessment using fine-wire electrodes.
TLDR
If the goal of rehabilitation is to preferentially activate the gluteal muscles while minimizing TFL activation, then the clam, sidestep, unilateral bridge, and both quadruped hip extension exercises would appear to be the most appropriate.
Effect of iliopsoas muscle tightness on electromyographic activity of hip extensor synergists during gait
TLDR
Adolescent soccer athletes with hip flexor muscle tightness exhibit more biceps femoris and adductor magnus and gluteus maximus activation during stance phase of gait, which appears to utilize different neuromuscular strategies to control lower extremity motion.
Comparison of Electromyographic Activity of the Superior and Inferior Portions of the Gluteus Maximus Muscle During Common Therapeutic Exercises.
TLDR
Preference activation of the superior portion of the gluteus maximus is demonstrated during exercises that incorporate elements of hip abduction and/or external rotation, in contrast to exercises that primarily involve hip extension, which target both portions of thegluteus Maximus to a similar extent.
A narrative review of exercise‐associated muscle cramps: Factors that contribute to neuromuscular fatigue and management implications
TLDR
The available evidence indicates that EAMC is multifactorial in nature and stems from an imbalance between excitatory drive from muscle spindles and inhibitory drive from Golgi tendon organs to the alpha motor neurons rather than dehydration or electrolyte deficits.
Correcting movement syndromes: the role of training load and its effects on muscle activity
TLDR
Results suggest that when utilizing the back squat as a corrective exercise, the prime movers VM and GM are maximally activated at training loads of 80–90% of one-repetition maximum (1RM).
Consideration of the Exercise position for Facilitating Gluteus Medius Maximally in Normal Adults
TLDR
Findings suggest that selective BR and HA-SL exercise should be applied to maximally and effectively activate the gluteus medius and tensor fascia latae in GM can be done selectively.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 28 REFERENCES
Amplitude and timing of electromyographic activity during sprinting
TLDR
It is shown that it is possible to compare different muscle activities in a runner as well as to make comparisons between runners using telemetric electromyography (EMG).
Muscle Cramping in the Marathon
TLDR
The ‘muscle fatigue’ hypothesis suggests that EAMC is the result of an abnormality of neuromuscular control at the spinal level in response to fatiguing exercise and is based on evidence from epidemiological studies, animal experimental data on spinal reflex activity during fatigue and electromyogram data recorded during bouts of acute cramping after fatiguing Exercise.
The human gluteus maximus and its role in running
TLDR
The muscle's minimal functional role during walking supports the hypothesis that enlargement of the gluteus maximus was likely important in the evolution of hominid running capabilities.
Electromyographic Analysis of Hip and Knee Musculature During Running
TLDR
Results demonstrated that medial and lateral vasti muscles acted together for knee extension during terminal swing and loading response, possibly providing a patella sta bilizing role.
Reflex inhibition of normal cramp following electrical stimulation of the muscle tendon.
TLDR
The muscle conditions that appear necessary to facilitate cramp are also the conditions that render the inhibition generated by tendon afferents ineffective and the strength of tendon inhibition in cramping subjects was found to be significantly weaker under the same experimental conditions.
Aetiology of skeletal muscle 'cramps' during exercise: a novel hypothesis.
TLDR
It is hypothesized that EAMC is caused by sustained abnormal spinal reflex activity which appears to be secondary to muscle fatigue, and local muscle fatigue is therefore responsible for increased muscle spindle afferent and decreased Golgi tendon organ afferent activity.
Cause of Exercise Associated Muscle Cramps (EAMC) — altered neuromuscular control, dehydration or electrolyte depletion?
  • M. Schwellnus
  • Biology, Medicine
    British Journal of Sports Medicine
  • 2008
TLDR
Current scientific evidence in support of the “electrolyte depletion” and “dehydration” hypotheses for the aetiology of EAMC comes mainly from anecdotal clinical observations, case series totalling 18 cases, and one small case–control study.
A comparison of 2 rehabilitation programs in the treatment of acute hamstring strains.
  • M. Sherry, T. Best
  • Education
    The Journal of orthopaedic and sports physical therapy
  • 2004
TLDR
A rehabilitation program consisting of progressive agility and trunk stabilization exercises is more effective than a program emphasizing isolated hamstring stretching and strengthening in promoting return to sports and preventing injury recurrence in athletes suffering an acute hamstring strain.
Muscle Cramps during Exercise-Is It Fatigue or Electrolyte Deficit?
TLDR
Recovery and maintenance of water and sodium balance with oral or intravenous salt solutions is the proven effective strategy for resolving and averting exercise-associated muscle cramps that are prompted by extensive sweating and a sodium deficit.
Biomechanics of walking, running, and sprinting
  • R. Mann, J. Hagy
  • Biology, Engineering
    The American journal of sports medicine
  • 1980
TLDR
A biomechanical study of 13 runners demonstrated that the anterior compartment muscles of the calf undergo a concentric contracture at the time of initial floor contact during running and sprinting but undergo an eccentric contrac tion during walking.
...
1
2
3
...