• DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.140402
• Corpus ID: 30078867

Steering, entanglement, nonlocality, and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.

@article{Wiseman2007SteeringEN,
  title={Steering, entanglement, nonlocality, and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.},
  author={Howard M. Wiseman and S. J. Jones and Andrew C. Doherty},
  journal={Physical review letters},
  year={2007},
  volume={98 14},
  pages={
          140402
        }
}

• H. Wiseman, S. J. Jones, A. Doherty
• Published 18 December 2006
• Physics
• Physical review letters

The concept of steering was introduced by Schrödinger in 1935 as a generalization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox for arbitrary pure bipartite entangled states and arbitrary measurements by one party. Until now, it has never been rigorously defined, so it has not been known (for example) what mixed states are steerable (that is, can be used to exhibit steering). We provide an operational definition, from which we prove (by considering Werner states and isotropic states) that steerable states are a strict subset of the entangled states, and a strict superset of the states that can exhibit Bell nonlocality. For arbitrary bipartite Gaussian states we derive a linear matrix inequality that decides the question of steerability via Gaussian measurements, and we relate this to the original Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox.