Specificity and reversibility of inspiratory muscle training.

@article{Romer2003SpecificityAR,
  title={Specificity and reversibility of inspiratory muscle training.},
  author={Lee M. Romer and Alison Mcconnell},
  journal={Medicine and science in sports and exercise},
  year={2003},
  volume={35 2},
  pages={
          237-44
        }
}
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pressure-flow specificity of adaptations to inspiratory muscle training (IMT), in addition to the temporal effects of detraining and reduced frequency of training upon these adaptations. METHODS Twenty-four healthy subjects were assigned randomly to one of four groups (A: low-flow-high-pressure IMT; B: high-flow-low-pressure IMT; C: intermediate flow-pressure IMT; and D: no IMT). Subjects performed IMT 6 d.wk(-1) for 9 wk, and inspiratory… 
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The data suggest that IMT may reduce the O(2) cost of ventilation during exercise, providing an insight into mechanism(s) underpinning the reported improvements in whole body endurance performance; however, this awaits further investigation.
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TLDR
The reduced RPB/4i resulting from the IM training program was lower despite the greater enhancement of IM function, whereas improvement in Ex was similar, suggesting that although both IM training and warm-up improve the tolerance of intense intermittent exercise, the underlying mechanisms may be different.
The effect of inspiratory muscle training upon maximum lactate steady-state and blood lactate concentration
TLDR
Data support previous observations that IMT results in a decrease in blood lactate concentration at a given intensity of exercise and suggest that RMT-induced increases in exercise tolerance and reductions in [Lac]B are not ascribable to a substantial increase in the ‘lactate threshold’.
Concurrent inspiratory muscle and cardiovascular training differentially improves both perceptions of effort and 5000 m running performance compared with cardiovascular training alone
TLDR
The addition of IMT to a cardiovascular training programme augments 5000 m running performance but exerts no additional influence over VO2max compared with a cardiovascular-training group.
Effect of inspiratory muscle training on exercise tolerance in asthmatic individuals.
TLDR
IMT may be a helpful adjunct to asthma management that has the potential to improve participation and adherence to exercise training in this group, and the perception of breathlessness is also an important signal of bronchoconstriction, so caution should be exercised if this symptom is abnormally low.
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TLDR
During a short training period (up to 7 weeks), the use of gradual and constant inspiratory resistance during RMT improves exercise and spirometric parameters in a similar way.
Time-dependent effects of inspiratory muscle training and detraining on cardiac autonomic control in older women
Effect of specific inspiratory muscle warm-up on intense intermittent run to exhaustion
TLDR
Findings suggested that the specific IM warm-up in IMW may entail reduction in breathlessness sensation, partly attributable to the enhancement of dynamic IM functions, in subsequent exhaustive intermittent run and, in turn, improve the exercise tolerance.
The influence of inspiratory and expiratory muscle training upon rowing performance
TLDR
IMT improved rowing performance, but EMT and subsequent combined IMT/EMT did not, and it is concluded that there were no significant additional changes following combined IMTs.
Training Specificity of Inspiratory Muscle Training Methods: A Randomized Trial
TLDR
Only training with tapered flow resistive loading and pressure threshold loading from functional residual capacity resulted in consistent improvements in respiratory muscle function at higher lung volumes, whereas improvements after the standard protocol were restricted to gains in PImax at lower lung volumes.
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