Social loafing: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration.
@article{Karau1993SocialLA, title={Social loafing: A meta-analytic review and theoretical integration.}, author={Steven J. Karau and K. Williams}, journal={Journal of Personality and Social Psychology}, year={1993}, volume={65}, pages={681-706} }
Social loafing is the tendency for individuals to expend less effort when working collectively than when working individually. A meta-analysis of 78 studies demonstrates that social loafing is robust and generalizes across tasks and S populations. A large number of variables were found to moderate social loafing. Evaluation potential, expectations of co-worker performance, task meaningfulness, and culture had especially strong influence. These findings are interpreted in the light of a… Expand
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