Social exclusion impairs self-regulation.

@article{Baumeister2005SocialEI,
  title={Social exclusion impairs self-regulation.},
  author={Roy F. Baumeister and C. Nathan DeWall and Natalie J. Ciarocco and Jean M. Twenge},
  journal={Journal of personality and social psychology},
  year={2005},
  volume={88 4},
  pages={
          589-604
        }
}
Six experiments showed that being excluded or rejected caused decrements in self-regulation. In Experiment 1, participants who were led to anticipate a lonely future life were less able to make themselves consume a healthy but bad-tasting beverage. In Experiment 2, some participants were told that no one else in their group wanted to work with them, and these participants later ate more cookies than other participants. In Experiment 3, excluded participants quit sooner on a frustrating task. In… 
View on PubMed
imagesrvr.epnet.com
1,233 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
79
Background Citations
359
Methods Citations
43
Results Citations
57

Tables from this paper

1,233 Citations

Social exclusion decreases prosocial behavior.

Social exclusion caused a substantial reduction in prosocial behavior and the implication is that rejection temporarily interferes with emotional responses, thereby impairing the capacity for empathic understanding of others and as a result, any inclination to help or cooperate with them is undermined.

Satiated with belongingness? Effects of acceptance, rejection, and task framing on self-regulatory performance.

Findings provide evidence that the need to belong fits standard motivational patterns: Thwarting the drive intensifies it, whereas satiating it leads to temporary reduction in drive.

Effects of Disposition and Self-Regulation on Self-Defeating Behavior

Results suggest that to avoid problems of adaptation, it is wise for psychologists to promote social self-efficacy, incremental implicit theories of ability, and positive emotion in groups threatened with social exclusion.

Energized by Television

Enacting effortful self-control depletes a finite resource, leaving less self-control available for subsequent effortful tasks. Positive social interaction can restore self-control, but hurtful or…

Victim entitlement to behave selfishly.

Three experiments demonstrated that feeling wronged leads to a sense of entitlement and to selfish behaviors, and that these behaviors are mediated by self-reported entitlement.

the psyChologiCal presenCe of family improves self-Control

Three studies show that the psychological presence of family provides a temporary increase in self-control. In Study 1, participants (n = 79) subliminally primed with the names of their family…

Perils of Compensatory Consumption: Within-Domain Compensation Undermines Subsequent Self-Regulation

Prior research has shown that psychological threat can provoke consumers to desire, seek out, and acquire products that symbolize accomplishment in the domain of the threat. Although such…

The Effects of Ostracism on Self–Regulation in the Socially Anxious

Ostracism is readily detected and results in a number of negative reactions. For example, social exclusion is argued to interfere with self-regulation. Some recent work found that the negative…

When does social exclusion increase or decrease food self-regulation?: The moderating role of time orientation

Extant research has suggested that social exclusion could either increase or decrease consumers' subsequent self-regulatory food choice. From the novel perspective of Active-Self Account Theory,…

Social exclusion predicts impaired self-regulation: a 2-year longitudinal panel study including the transition from preschool to school.

Rec reciprocal relations between social exclusion and self-regulation from age 4 to age 6 and autoregressive latent cross-lagged analyses showed that social exclusion predicted impaired development of dispositional self- regulation and, reciprocally, that poor self- Regulation predicted enhanced social exclusion.
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 71 REFERENCES

Social exclusion causes self-defeating behavior.

The effect goes beyond just hearing bad news and causes people to take irrational, self-defeating risks, choose unhealthy, rather than healthy, behaviors, and procrastinate longer with pleasurable activities rather than practicing for an upcoming test.

Ego depletion: is the active self a limited resource?

The results suggest that the self's capacity for active volition is limited and that a range of seemingly different, unrelated acts share a common resource.

Social exclusion and the deconstructed state: time perception, meaninglessness, lethargy, lack of emotion, and self-awareness.

The authors hypothesize that socially excluded individuals enter a defensive state of cognitive deconstruction that avoids meaningful thought, emotion, and self-awareness, and is characterized by…

If you can't join them, beat them: effects of social exclusion on aggressive behavior.

Responses were specific to social exclusion (as opposed to other misfortunes) and were not mediated by emotion.

Mechanisms of Self-Control Failure: Motivation and Limited Resources

It is suggested that depletion only affects performance on tasks that require self-control; tasks that are difficult but do not requireSelf-control are immune to the effects of depletion; depleted individuals may compensate for their lack of self- control resources when sufficiently motivated.

Personality Moderators of Reactions to Interpersonal Rejection: Depression and Trait Self-Esteem

Two experiments were conducted to examine the moderating effects of depression and trait self-esteem on reactions to social exclusion. Participants received information indicating that they had been…

Emotional distress regulation takes precedence over impulse control: if you feel bad, do it!

Three experiments found that believing that one's bad mood was frozen (unchangeable) eliminated the tendency to eat fattening snacks, seek immediate gratification, and engage in frivolous procrastination during emotional distress.

Self-control and accommodation in close relationships: an interdependence analysis.

A pilot study and 3 additional studies examined the hypothesis that self-control promotes individuals' ability to accommodate in response to a romantic partner's potentially destructive behavior, finding that dispositional self- control was positively associated with accommodative tendencies in all 4 investigations.

Effects of social exclusion on cognitive processes: anticipated aloneness reduces intelligent thought.

The effects were specific to social exclusion, as participants who received predictions of future nonsocial misfortunes (accidents and injuries) performed well on the cognitive tests and appeared to involve reductions in both speed (effort) and accuracy.

Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: does self-control resemble a muscle?

The authors review evidence that self-control may consume a limited resource and conclude that the executive component of the self--in particular, inhibition--relies on a limited, consumable resource.
...