Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms.

@article{McCormick1997SleepAA,
  title={Sleep and arousal: thalamocortical mechanisms.},
  author={David A. McCormick and Thierry Bal},
  journal={Annual review of neuroscience},
  year={1997},
  volume={20},
  pages={
          185-215
        }
}
Thalamocortical activity exhibits two distinct states: (a) synchronized rhythmic activity in the form of delta, spindle, and other slow waves during EEG-synchronized sleep and (b) tonic activity during waking and rapid-eye-movement sleep. Spindle waves are generated largely through a cyclical interaction between thalamocortical and thalamic reticular neurons involving both the intrinsic membrane properties of these cells and their anatomical interconnections. Specific alterations in the… 
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