# Short-Time State-Space Method for Micro-Doppler Identification of Walking Subject Using UWB Impulse Doppler Radar

@article{Ren2018ShortTimeSM,
title={Short-Time State-Space Method for Micro-Doppler Identification of Walking Subject Using UWB Impulse Doppler Radar},
author={Lingyun Ren and Nghia Tran and Farnaz Foroughian and Krishna Naishadham and Jean E. Piou and Ozlem Kilic and Aly E. Fathy},
journal={IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques},
year={2018},
volume={66},
pages={3521-3534}
}
• Published 8 May 2018
• Engineering
• IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
In this paper, ultra-wideband (UWB) Doppler radar signatures from walking human subjects are processed with the state-space method (SSM) to analyze compressed radar echoes for the first time. A new mathematical model is proposed to detect the human walking strides using UWB radar, while micro-Doppler (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-D) features are extracted for gait analysis using short-time SSM (STSSM). To distinguish <inline-formula> <tex-math…
25 Citations

## Figures and Tables from this paper

### Quantitative Evaluation of Channel Micro-Doppler Capacity for MIMO UWB Radar Human Activity Signals Based on Time–Frequency Signatures

• Computer Science
IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
• 2020
A novel quantitative method to evaluate channel micro-Doppler capacity of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) system and should lead to a significant reduction of the inferior channels’ influence on further MIMO-based classification or imaging of human activities.

### Separation of Human Micro-Doppler Signals Based on Short-Time Fractional Fourier Transform

• Engineering
IEEE Sensors Journal
• 2019
A novel separation method is proposed, which uses the short-time fractional Fourier transform (STFrFT) with different orders and window lengths to sparsely characterize the echoes from limbs and torso, respectively and is combined with the morphological component analysis (MCA) to realize the m-D signal separation.

### Non-Contact Multi-Subject Human Gait Analysis Using A State-Space Method With Enhanced 1-D Block Representation

• Computer Science
IEEE Journal of Electromagnetics, RF and Microwaves in Medicine and Biology
• 2021
A stepped-frequency continuous-wave radar system with adequate pulse repetition frequency (PRF) is developed to track relatively fast motions from various parts of the human body, separately and results agree well with the human Boulic model.

### Generalization of Channel Micro-Doppler Capacity Evaluation for Improved Finer-Grained Human Activity Classification Using MIMO UWB Radar

• Computer Science
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
• 2021
Investigative experiments showed that the proposed channel micro-Doppler quantitative evaluation method for MIMO-radar-based human activity classification has a wide range of applicability and a high interference tolerance even for different detection distances, angles, activities, and subjects.

### Joint Vital Signs and Position Estimation of Multiple Persons Using SIMO Radar

• Computer Science
Electronics
• 2021
The experimental results prove that the proposed algorithm can achieve high estimation accuracy in a variety of test environments, with an error of 2%, 5%, and 2% for DOA, distance, and respiration rate, respectively.

### Human Motion Recognition With Spatial-Temporal-ConvLSTM Network Using Dynamic Range-Doppler Frames Based on Portable FMCW Radar

• Computer Science
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
• 2022
A novel spatial–temporal convolution long short-term memory (ST-ConvLSTM) network using dynamic range-Doppler frames (DRDF) based on portable frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar is proposed to address the problem of human motion recognition.

### Non-contact measurement of respiration and heart rates based on subspace methods and iterative notch filter using UWB impulse radar

• Engineering
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
• 2021
This paper treats the problem of non-contact vital signs (VSs) estimation using ultra wideband (UWB) impulse radar. Specifically, we focus on the simultaneous estimation of respiration and heart

### Detection and Identification of Low-Slow-Small Rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Micro-Doppler Information

• Engineering
IEEE Access
• 2021
A micro-motion model of rotor UAV is established, a micro- motion target detection and micro-Doppler parameters estimation method is proposed, and the performance of proposed method, including parameter estimation, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) improvement and the calculation efficiency is analyzed.

• Computer Science
• 2019
This work combines the two methods in a linear regression framework to accurately estimate the scattering coefficients or reflectivies of point scatterers in a realistic automotive radar signal model which is subsequently used to simulate range-time, Doppler-time and range-Doppler radar signatures.

### New Measurement Method for Respiration And Heartbeat Estimation Using IR-UWB Radar

2019 6th International Conference on Image and Signal Processing and their Applications (ISPA)
• 2019
In this work, the feasibility of using Delay And Sum (DAS) method in frequency domain and Variational Mode Decomposition algorithm (VMD) for respiration rate And heartbeat estimation using Impulse

## References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 53 REFERENCES

### Estimation of Cardiopulmonary Parameters From Ultra Wideband Radar Measurements Using the State Space Method

• Computer Science
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
• 2016
A new algorithm based on the state space method (SSM) for the extraction of cardiac and respiration rates from UWB radar measurements is introduced, shown that SSM produces accurate estimates of the vital signs without producing harmonics and inter-modulation products that plague signal resolution in widely used FFT spectrograms.

### UWB MicroDoppler Radar for human Gait analysis, tracking more than one person, and vital sign detection of moving persons

2013 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (MTT)
• 2013
This study experimentally investigates applying UWB to tracking more than one human subject as well as detection of respiration rate of a moving person.

### Noise-Robust Classification of Ground Moving Targets Based on Time-Frequency Feature From Micro-Doppler Signature

• Computer Science
IEEE Sensors Journal
• 2014
The real-valued probabilistic principal component analysis model is extended to the complex-value domain, and the CPPCA-BIC-based method can work without SNR prior information.

### Radar micro-doppler for long range front-view gait recognition

• Computer Science
2009 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Biometrics: Theory, Applications, and Systems
• 2009
The extraction of radar micro-Doppler signals generated by human motions at long range and with a front-view to use them as a biometric can serve as identifying features in a scene with multiple subjects.

### A time-frequency classifier for human gait recognition

• Computer Science
Defense + Commercial Sensing
• 2009
This paper proposes a gait classifier based on subspace learning using principal components analysis(PCA) and shows that gait signature is captured effectively in feature vectors and is used in training a minimum distance classifiers based on Mahalanobis distance metric.

### Analysis of radar micro-Doppler signatures from experimental helicopter and human data

• Engineering
• 2007
The findings show that the results have higher precision after the m-D extraction rather than before it, since only the vibrational/rotational components are employed.

### Phase-Based Methods for Heart Rate Detection Using UWB Impulse Doppler Radar

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques
• 2016
To further enhance the accuracy of the HR estimation, a recently developed state-space method has been successfully combined with CSD and AD techniques and over 10 dB improvements in SNR is demonstrated.