Shoaling behaviour of sticklebacks infected with the microsporidian parasite, Glugea anomala

@article{Ward2004ShoalingBO,
  title={Shoaling behaviour of sticklebacks infected with the microsporidian parasite, Glugea anomala},
  author={Ashley J. W. Ward and Alison J. Duff and Jens Krause and Iain Barber},
  journal={Environmental Biology of Fishes},
  year={2004},
  volume={72},
  pages={155-160}
}
We compared the shoaling behaviour of three-spined sticklebacks, Gasterosteus aculeatus, infected with the microsporidian, Glugea anomala, to that of non-infected conspecifics. Infected fish lost significantly more weight than non-infected fish during a period of food deprivation, suggesting a metabolic cost to parasitism. In binary shoal choice tests, non-infected test fish showed an association preference for a shoal of non-infected over a shoal of infected conspecifics; infected test fish… 
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