Sex hormone‐binding globulin as a marker for the thrombotic risk of hormonal contraceptives

@article{Raps2012SexHG,
  title={Sex hormone‐binding globulin as a marker for the thrombotic risk of hormonal contraceptives},
  author={Marjolein Raps and Frans M. Helmerhorst and Kathrin Fleischer and Stella Thomassen and Frits Richard Rosendaal and Jan Rosing and Bart E P B Ballieux and Huib A.A.M. van Vliet},
  journal={Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis},
  year={2012},
  volume={10}
}
Summary.  Background: It takes many years to obtain reliable values for the risk of venous thrombosis of hormonal contraceptive users from clinical data. Measurement of activated protein C (APC) resistance via thrombin generation is a validated test for determining the thrombogenicity of hormonal contraceptives. Sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) might serve as a marker for the risk of venous thrombosis, and can be easily and rapidly measured in routine laboratories. 
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Sex hormone‐binding globulin as a marker for the thrombotic risk of hormonal contraceptives: a rebuttal
TLDR
When measured only in women on-treatment SHBG showed a very weak association with normalized activated protein C sensitivity ratios (nAPCsr) determined with the thrombin generation-based APC resistance test, in their opinion SHBG is not a surrogate marker for venous thrombosis. Expand
Sex hormone‐binding globulin levels are not causally related to venous thrombosis risk in women not using hormonal contraceptives
TLDR
Oral contraceptive use increases the risk of venous thrombosis as well as sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG) levels and increased SHBG levels are positively associated with activated protein C (APC) resistance andThrombotic risk in oral contraceptive users. Expand
Sex hormone-binding globulin and thrombin generation in women using hormonal contraception
TLDR
In hormonal contraceptive users, SHBG was positively associated with both activated protein C (APC) resistance and baseline TG, and protein S and prothrombin were important mediators. Expand
Thyroid function, activated protein C resistance and the risk of venous thrombosis in users of hormonal contraceptives.
TLDR
Use of hormonal contraceptives lead to elevated TBG levels, slightly elevated TSH levels and unchanged FT4 levels without causing a hyperthyroid state, thus, the increased thrombotic risk during the use oformonal contraceptives cannot be explained by a hyper thyroidroid state caused by use of these hormonal contraceptives. Expand
Thrombotic Risk of Contraceptives and Other Hormonal Therapies
TLDR
Hormonal replacement therapy represents risk that is heightened by age, smoking, obesity, and history of prior thromboembolism, and Inherited thrombophilia plays a substantially lesser role. Expand
Oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy: How strong a risk factor for venous thromboembolism?
TLDR
It is aimed to review the latest literature on the risk of initial and recurrent VTE with COC and HRT use to provide guidance for decision-making about duration of anticoagulation, and guide future research efforts. Expand
Oral Contraceptives and HRT Risk of Thrombosis
TLDR
This review attempts to summarize the current knowledge regarding the pathophysiology of oral contraceptive (OC) and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) -induced prothrombotic state in women, the risk of thrombosis associated with administration of various commercially available OCs and HRT, the additional risk in women with hereditary or acquired thromBophilia, and the currently available recommendations. Expand
Endogenous sex hormones and risk of venous thromboembolism in young women
The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in young women can predominantly be attributed to exogenous hormone use. The influence of (abnormalities in) endogenous sex hormones, as in polycystic ovary… Expand
The effect of different hormonal contraceptives on plasma levels of free protein S and free TFPI.
TLDR
The effect of oral contraceptives on TFPI and PS is a possible explanation for the increased risk of venous thrombosis associated with oral contraceptives. Expand
Epidemiology of hormonal contraceptives-related venous thromboembolism.
TLDR
Current data support that newer generation formulations of hormonal contraceptives as well as non-oral hormonal contraceptives seem to be more thrombogenic than second-generation hormonal contraceptives. Expand
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