Seed Chemistry of Sophora chrysophylla (Mamane) in Relation to Diet of Specialist Avian Seed Predator Loxioides bailleui (Palila) in Hawaii

@article{Banko2002SeedCO,
  title={Seed Chemistry of Sophora chrysophylla (Mamane) in Relation to Diet of Specialist Avian Seed Predator Loxioides bailleui (Palila) in Hawaii},
  author={Paul C. Banko and Martin L. Cipollini and G{\'e}rard Breton and Eric Paulk and Michael Wink and Ido Izhaki},
  journal={Journal of Chemical Ecology},
  year={2002},
  volume={28},
  pages={1393-1410}
}
This study describes the chemical ecology of a tritrophic interaction among species endemic to the island of Hawaii, USA: a tree (Sophora chrysophylla: mamane), an endangered bird (Loxioides bailleui; palila), and moth larvae (Cydia spp. [] Key Result Our data show that mamane embryos contain high amounts of potentially toxic alkaloids, but are well balanced nutritionally and contain lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and minerals at levels that are likely to be sufficient for maintenance and…
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23 Citations
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23 Citations

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Results suggest that most graminivorous birds prefer high-starch diets and avoid diets with phenols and alkaloids, and that seed chemistry may explain some important features of seed selection by birds in the Monte desert.

75 References

Importance of quinolizidine alkaloids in the relationship between larvae ofUresiphita reversalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and a host plant,Genista monspessulana

Alkaloid levels in larvae and in their frass were proportional to levels in the plants on which they fed, and that which was sequestered by the insect was found entirely in the integument, possibly confering some protection from predators.

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids as larval feeding deterrents for spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

Senkirkine, a pyrrolizidine alkaloid, is to the authors' knowledge the first member of this class of compounds shown to have feeding deterrent activity in Lepidoptera.

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The effects of casein were determined by other dietary components: increased dietary casein led to increased larval growth only when the diet was also high in wheat germ, and the interaction between alkaloids and casein was significant only in the low-wheat-germ diets.

Chemical Defense of Lupins. Mollusc-Repellent Properties of Quinolizidine Alkaloids

Quinolizidine alkaloids constitute a potential antimolluscan principle of legumes because the in vivo concentrations of sparteine, cytisine, and lupanine are equal to or higher than the inhibitory concentrations required.

Status and management of the Palila, an endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, 1987-1996

Recovery efforts now focus on reducing numbers of feral ungulates, fire management, removing mammalian predators, and developing techniques for captive propagation and introduction to currently unoccupied sites within the bird's former range.

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Drepanidine movements in relation to food availability in subalpine woodland on Mauna Kea, Hawai'i

Flowers of the miimane tree (Sophwu chqmphylla) are the primary nectar source for Hawaiian honeycreepers in subalpine woodland on Mauna Kea Volcano on the island of Hawai‘i. Mamane seeds are the…

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It is discussed whether quinolizidine alkaloids are involved in the antimicrobial defense of lupins, in addition to their potential role as allelopathic or herbivore repellent defense compounds.

Modes of Action of Alkaloids

In order to fulfill this function, alkaloids must closely interact with specific targets in herbivores, predators, microorganisms, or competing plants, i.e., they must either inhibit or otherwise deregulate important processes that are vital for these organisms.
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