Saturated fatty acid-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in adipose tissue: mechanisms of action and implications.

@article{Kennedy2009SaturatedFA,
  title={Saturated fatty acid-mediated inflammation and insulin resistance in adipose tissue: mechanisms of action and implications.},
  author={Arion J Kennedy and Kristina Martinez and Chia-Chi Chuang and Kathleen Lapoint and M. K. Mcintosh},
  journal={The Journal of nutrition},
  year={2009},
  volume={139 1},
  pages={
          1-4
        }
}
This review highlights the inflammatory and insulin-antagonizing effects of saturated fatty acids (SFA), which contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome. Mechanisms responsible for these unhealthy effects of SFA include: 1) accumulation of diacylglycerol and ceramide; 2) activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, protein kinase C-, and mitogen-activated protein kinases, and subsequent induction of inflammatory genes in white adipose tissue, immune cells, and myotubes; 3) decreased PPARgamma… 
View on PubMed
academic.oup.com
458 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
21
Background Citations
170
Methods Citations
2
Results Citations
9

Figures from this paper

458 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

SCD1 mediates the influence of exogenous saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in adipocytes: Effects on cellular stress, inflammatory markers and fatty acid elongation.
Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in Obesity-Related Inflammation
TLDR
The molecular effects of specific classes of fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated) are described to better understand the impact of different diets (Western versus Mediterranean) on inflammation in a metabolic context and given the beneficial effects of a MUFA-rich Mediterranean diet.
(n-3) Fatty acids alleviate adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance: mechanistic insights.
TLDR
An update on the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity is provided and potential mechanisms by which (n-3) PUFA prevent and reverse these changes and the implications in human health are discussed.
Modulation of adipose tissue inflammation by bioactive food compounds.
(n-3) Fatty Acids Alleviate Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance:
TLDR
An update on the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity is provided and potential mechanisms by which (n-3) PUFA prevent and reverse these changes and the implications in human health are discussed.
( n-3 ) Fatty Acids Alleviate Adipose Tissue In fl ammation and Insulin Resistance : Mechanistic Insights 1 , 2
TLDR
An update on the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity is provided and potential mechanisms by which (n-3) PUFA prevent and reverse these changes and the implications in human health are discussed.
The pro-/anti-inflammatory effects of different fatty acids on visceral adipocytes are partially mediated by GPR120
TLDR
FAs are capable of directly acting on visceral adipocytes to modulate differently TNF-α,IL-6, IL-10 and adiponectin expression, with a different and greater effect in MO subjects, which suggests they could be mediated by GPR120.
Insight into the impact of dietary saturated fat on tissue-specific cellular processes underlying obesity-related diseases.
Probing the regulation of cellular lipid metabolism by trans fatty acids and the lipid-sensitive ANGPTL4 protein
TLDR
Insight is provided into the molecular mechanisms of trans fatty acids and the prospect of harnessing the therapeutic potential of ANGPTL4 inactivation for correcting cardiometabolic abnormalities is highlighted.
The Multi-Level Action of Fatty Acids on Adiponectin Production by Fat Cells
TLDR
The effect of a major dietary saturated fatty acid, palmitate, on the insulin-sensitizing adipokine adiponectin produced by cultured adipocytes is investigated and evidence suggesting that the intracellular sorting receptor, sortilin, plays an important role in targeting of adip onectin to lysosomes is presented.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 57 REFERENCES
Oleate Reverses Palmitate-induced Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Skeletal Muscle Cells*
TLDR
A model of cellular lipid metabolism in which oleate protects against palmitate-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle cells by promoting triglyceride accumulation and mitochondrial β-oxidation through PPARα- and protein kinase A-dependent mechanisms is supported.
Adipocyte/macrophage fatty acid-binding proteins contribute to metabolic deterioration through actions in both macrophages and adipocytes in mice.
TLDR
The results of these experiments indicated that neither macrophages nor adipocytes individually could account for the total impact of FABPs on systemic metabolism and suggest that interactions between these 2 cell types, particularly in adipose tissue, are critical for the inflammatory basis of metabolic deterioration.
Palmitate Activates the NF-κB Transcription Factor and Induces IL-6 and TNFα Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes
TLDR
Data indicate that palmitate induces inflammation in adipocytes, and that this is not a generalized effect of all SFA, and suggests that PI3K may act constitutively to suppress inflammation.
Palmitate activates the NF-kappaB transcription factor and induces IL-6 and TNFalpha expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
TLDR
Data indicate that palmitate induces inflammation in adipocytes, and that this is not a generalized effect of all SFA, and PI3K may act constitutively to suppress inflammation.
Palmitic acid induces IP-10 expression in human macrophages via NF-kappaB activation.
Acid Ceramidase Overexpression Prevents the Inhibitory Effects of Saturated Fatty Acids on Insulin Signaling*
TLDR
A role for aberrant accumulation of ceramide, but not sphingosine, in the inhibition of muscle insulin sensitivity by exogenous FFAs is supported, as well as the contribution of either sphingolipid in FFA-dependent inhibition of insulin action.
Evidence for adipose-muscle cross talk: opposing regulation of muscle proteolysis by adiponectin and Fatty acids.
TLDR
It is concluded that the balance between free fatty acids and adiponectin impacts muscle proteolysis in insulin-resistant conditions and a role for adipose tissue-muscle cross talk in diabetes and obesity is suggested.
Characterizing the effects of saturated fatty acids on insulin signaling and ceramide and diacylglycerol accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes.
CCR2 modulates inflammatory and metabolic effects of high-fat feeding.
TLDR
The data suggest that CCR2 influences the development of obesity and associated adipose tissue inflammation and systemic insulin resistance and plays a role in the maintenance of adipOSE tissue macrophages and insulin resistance once obesity and its metabolic consequences are established.
Palmitate, but Not Unsaturated Fatty Acids, Induces the Expression of Interleukin-6 in Human Myotubes through Proteasome-dependent Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB*
TLDR
IL-6 expression may be modulated by the composition of circulating FFA, e.g. by diet, and that skeletal muscle cells could be target cells for IL-6, which is a major target of impaired insulin action.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...