Role of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 in murine ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and neutrophilia.

@article{Williams2007RoleOT,
  title={Role of TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88 in murine ozone-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and neutrophilia.},
  author={Alison Suzanne Williams and Sum-Yee Leung and Puneeta Nath and Nadia M. Khorasani and Pankaj K Bhavsar and Razao Issa and Jane A. Mitchell and Ian M. Adcock and Kian Fan Chung},
  journal={Journal of applied physiology},
  year={2007},
  volume={103 4},
  pages={
          1189-95
        }
}
Exposure to air pollutants such as ozone (O(3)) induces airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and airway inflammation. Toll-like receptors (TLR) are first-line effector molecules in innate immunity to infections and signal via adapter proteins, including myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88). We investigated the sensing of ozone by TLR2, TLR4, and MyD88. Ozone induced AHR in wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice, but AHR was absent in TLR2(-/-), TLR4(-/-), and MyD88(-/-) mice. Bronchoalveolar lavage… 
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Both p38 MAPK and oxidative stress were found to play a critical role in this process and simultaneous inhibition of these two pathways significantly reduced the O3-elicited detrimental effects on the asthma exacerbation.
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