Rewards teach visual selective attention

@article{Chelazzi2013RewardsTV,
  title={Rewards teach visual selective attention},
  author={Leonardo Chelazzi and Andrea Perlato and Elisa Santandrea and Chiara Della Libera},
  journal={Vision Research},
  year={2013},
  volume={85},
  pages={58-72},
  url={https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:10626076}
}
View on Elsevier
doi.org
327 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
14
Background Citations
107
Methods Citations
9
Results Citations
30

Figures from this paper

327 Citations

Selection history: How reward modulates selectivity of visual attention

Evidence from behavioral, eye-movement and neuroimaging studies supports the idea that selection history modulates the topographical landscape of spatial “priority” maps, such that attention is biased toward locations having the highest activation on this map.

Dissociating Reward- and Attention-driven Biasing of Global Feature-based Selection in Human Visual Cortex

Replicating previous observations, it is found that reward and target relevance produce almost indistinguishable gain modulations in ventral extratriate cortex contralateral to the unattended color probe, indicating that, although task relevance and reward influence the very same feature-selective area in extrastriate visual cortex, the associated modulations are largely independent.

The attention habit: how reward learning shapes attentional selection

The progress that has been made in this area is reviewed, synthesizing a wealth of recent evidence to provide an integrated, up‐to‐date account of value‐driven attention and some of its broader implications.

Attention to Stimuli of Learned versus Innate Biological Value Relies on Separate Neural Systems

It is found that the macaque amygdala is necessary for directing attention to images with innate biological value, but not for directed attention to recently learned reward-predictive images, indicating that the amygdala makes selective contributions to attending to valuable objects.

Reward history modulates visual attention in an avian model

A spatial cueing paradigm with differential rewards is adapted to investigate how reward modulates the allocation of attention in peafowl and suggests a similar influence of reward history on attention across phylogeny despite a significant difference in neuroanatomy.

Reward-driven attention alters perceived salience

The current study found that the reward-associated stimuli captured attention and altered (mostly enhanced) the perceived contrast of subsequent stimuli, supporting the notion that reward-driven attention could directly and automatically impact early vision.

Reward expectation facilitates context learning and attentional guidance in visual search.

The results suggest that expectation of high reward magnitude facilitates subsequent learning of repeated context configurations and increases the efficiency of attention guidance toward the target location.

Dynamic interplay between reward and voluntary attention determines stimulus processing in visual cortex

This study orthogonally manipulated reward and voluntary attention while human participants performed a global motion detection task to propose how these two accounts can be integrated to allow for the flexible balance between reward-driven increase in salience anduntary attention.

Previously Reward-Associated Stimuli Capture Spatial Attention in the Absence of Changes in the Corresponding Sensory Representations as Measured with MEG

It is found that learned value modulated the spatial selection of previously rewarded stimuli in posterior visual and parietal cortex from ∼260 ms after stimulus onset, and it is suggested that VDAC can occur in the absence of changes in early visual processing in cortex.

How motivation and reward learning modulate selective attention.

...

143 References

Reward Modulates Attention Independently of Action Value in Posterior Parietal Cortex

The results suggest that reward predictors gain automatic attentional priority regardless of their operant associations, and this valence-specific priority is encoded in LIP independently of the expected reward of an action.

Dissociable Effects of Reward on Attentional Learning: From Passive Associations to Active Monitoring

In a new experiment, the illusory link between performance and outcomes is eliminated by informing subjects that rewards were randomly assigned, which led to strikingly different results.

Visual Selective Attention and the Effects of Monetary Rewards

Results show that the efficacy of visual selective attention can be sensibly adjusted by external feedback, and that lingering inhibition of distractors is robust after highly rewarded selections, but is eliminated after poorly rewarded selections.

Learning to Attend and to Ignore Is a Matter of Gains and Losses

The propensity to select or to ignore specific visual objects appears to be strongly biased by the more or less rewarding consequences of past attentional encounters with the same objects.

Selective Visual Attention and Motivation

Recognition was substantially enhanced for motivationally salient stimuli compared with equally familiar stimuli that had weak or no motivational salience, and this effect was found regardless of valence (win or loss), when attention was constrained.

Value-driven attentional capture

It is shown that visual search for a salient target is slowed by the presence of an inconspicuous, task-irrelevant item that was previously associated with monetary reward during a brief training session, suggesting that arbitrary and otherwise neutral stimuli imbued with value via associative learning capture attention powerfully and persistently during extinction, independently of goals and salience.

Reward Sharpens Orientation Coding Independently of Attention

The results suggest that reward may act within the span of a single trial independently of attention by modulating the activity of early sensory stages through a improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio of task-relevant channels.

Reward Changes Salience in Human Vision via the Anterior Cingulate

The results demonstrate that reward has an impact on vision that is independent of its role in the strategic establishment of endogenous attention and suggests that reward plays an important and undervalued role in attentional control.

Rewarding Feedback After Correct Visual Discriminations Has Both General and Specific Influences on Visual Cortex

Functional magnetic resonance imaging is used to investigate how rewarding feedback affected activity in distinct areas of human visual cortex, separating rewarding feedback events after correct performance from consequences of reward for spatially specific responses in V1.

Associative knowledge controls deployment of visual selective attention

It is shown that associative links among object representations can strongly influence deployment of attention in humans and in the context of visual search, objects associated with the target were both recalled more often and recognized more accurately than unrelated distractors.
...