Retinal sensitivity to damage from short wavelength light

@article{Ham1976RetinalST,
  title={Retinal sensitivity to damage from short wavelength light},
  author={William T. Ham and Harold A. Mueller and David H Sliney},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1976},
  volume={260},
  pages={153-155}
}
A GROWING body of literature attests to the deleterious effects of long term exposure to light1–8. To define more critically the differences between thermal and photochemical effects, we have exposed the retinae of rhesus monkeys to eight monochromatic laser lines from 1,064–441.6 nm. Thermal damage to the retina is to be expected for the 1,064-nm line since the photopigments are not involved and energy absorption takes place predominantly in the melanin granules of the pigment epithelium and… 
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646 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
13
Background Citations
141
Methods Citations
7
Results Citations
6

646 Citations

Histologic analysis of photochemical lesions produced in rhesus retina by short-wave-length light.
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Results indicate a nonthermal type of photochemical lesion originating in the retinal pigment epithelium and leading to a histological response with hypopigmentation which requires 48 hr to appear.
Action spectrum for retinal injury from near-ultraviolet radiation in the aphakic monkey.
Retinal damage secondary to chronic light exposure
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There appears to be more than one mechanism for retinal damage in chronic light exposure, and at least one mechanism is not dependent solely upon the visual pigment and the pigment epithelium.
SENSITIVITY OF THE RETINA TO RADIATION DAMAGE AS A FUNCTION OF WAVELENGTH *
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The photopathology of thc photochemical lesion has been studied at postexposure times ranging from 1 h to 90 days and will be demonstrated in a number of histological slides and correlates well with monocular visual acuity tests in the rhesus monkey as defined by the Landolt ring technique.
The Action Spectrum of Photochemical Damage to the Retina: A Review of Monochromatic Threshold Data
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It is concluded that the critical parameters for the generation of either action spectrum remain elusive and experiments are suggested to resolve this issue and fill a few gaps in knowledge.
Review of the macaque model of light damage with implications for the use of ophthalmic instrumentation
Retinal damage from long-term exposure to laser radiation.
TLDR
The maculae of rhesus monkeys were exposed to an argon-ion lazer operated in the TEM00 continuous wave mode at a wavelength of 514.5 nm and damage mechanisms may involve photochemical processes initiated by the interaction of visible light with the retinal photopigments.
The damaging effects of light on the retina. Empirical findings, theoretical and practical implications.
  • J. Lanum
  • Biology
    Survey of ophthalmology
  • 1978
Structural and Functional Change in Albino Rat Retina Induced by Various Visible Light Wavelengths
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The results indicate that the retinal damage induced by visible light observed in albino rats depends on the wavelength and energy level of the exposed light.
Damage to the monkey retina by broad-spectrum fluorescent light.
TLDR
The sensitivity of the adult primate retina to damage by relatively moderate levels of light is demonstrated by rhesus and pigtail monkeys exposed to a uniform field of light from daylight fluorescent lamps.
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