Respiration in the open ocean

@article{Giorgio2002RespirationIT,
  title={Respiration in the open ocean},
  author={Paul A. Giorgio and Carlos M. Duarte},
  journal={Nature},
  year={2002},
  volume={420},
  pages={379-384}
}
A key question when trying to understand the global carbon cycle is whether the oceans are net sources or sinks of carbon. This will depend on the production of organic matter relative to the decomposition due to biological respiration. Estimates of respiration are available for the top layers, the mesopelagic layer, and the abyssal waters and sediments of various ocean regions. Although the total open ocean respiration is uncertain, it is probably substantially greater than most current… 
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519 Citations

10.15 – Plankton Respiration, Net Community Production and the Organic Carbon Cycle in the Oceanic Water Column
Sources and Cycling of Organic Matter in the Marine Water Column
The organic carbon cycle operates on multiple time scales with a only small fraction of the global reservoir actively exchanged. For the marine system, the sources are principally recently…
Respiration patterns in the deep ocean
The biological pump affects atmospheric CO2 levels and fuels most heterotrophic activity in the deep ocean. The efficiency of this pump depends on the rate of carbon fixation, export out of the…
Assessment of planktonic metabolism in the arctic and subtropical oceans by the 18o method
SUMMARY: The metabolism of oceanic phytoplankton, consisting of gross primary production (GPP) and respiration (R), regulates biogeochemical cycles and climate. Plankton photosynthesis is responsible…
Microbial respiration in the aphotic zone of the Ross Sea (Antarctica)
Microbial metabolites in the marine carbon cycle.
One-quarter of photosynthesis-derived carbon on Earth rapidly cycles through a set of short-lived seawater metabolites that are generated from the activities of marine phytoplankton, bacteria,…
Dissolved Organic Carbon Support of Respiration in the Dark Ocean
TLDR
It is shown, on the basis of exami-nation of the relation between DOC and ap-parent oxygen utilization (AOU), that the DOC flux supports 10% of the respiration in the dark ocean.
Relationship Between Carbon- and Oxygen-Based Primary Productivity in the Arctic Ocean, Svalbard Archipelago
Phytoplankton contribute half of the primary production in the biosphere and are the major source of energy for the Arctic Ocean ecosystem. While primary production measurements are therefore…
Net production of oxygen in the subtropical ocean
TLDR
It is found that mixing events during early winter homogenize the upper water column and cause low oxygen concentrations, which is consistent with an ecosystem that is a net producer of fixed carbon (net autotrophic) throughout the year, with episodic events not required to sustain positive oxygen production.
Phytoplankton and heterotrophic respiration in the surface layer of the ocean
We suggest a way to estimate phytoplankton respiration separately from heterotrophic respiration. The analysis is based on three findings: (1) that carbon loss in the plankton overnight is mostly…
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