Replica wormholes and the entropy of Hawking radiation

@article{Almheiri2019ReplicaWA,
  title={Replica wormholes and the entropy of Hawking radiation},
  author={Ahmed Almheiri and Thomas Hartman and Juan Martin Maldacena and Edgar Shaghoulian and Amirhossein Tajdini},
  journal={Journal of High Energy Physics},
  year={2019},
  volume={2020},
  pages={1-42}
}
The information paradox can be realized in anti-de Sitter spacetime joined to a Minkowski region. In this setting, we show that the large discrepancy between the von Neumann entropy as calculated by Hawking and the requirements of unitarity is fixed by including new saddles in the gravitational path integral. These saddles arise in the replica method as complexified wormholes connecting different copies of the black hole. As the replica number n → 1, the presence of these wormholes leads to the… 
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385 Citations

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