Relationship between Cognitive Impairment and Retinal Morphological and Visual Functional Abnormalities in Alzheimer Disease

@article{Iseri2006RelationshipBC,
  title={Relationship between Cognitive Impairment and Retinal Morphological and Visual Functional Abnormalities in Alzheimer Disease},
  author={Pervin Iseri and {\"O}zg{\"u}l Altinaş and Tomris Tokay and Nurşen Y{\"u}ksel},
  journal={Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology},
  year={2006},
  volume={26},
  pages={18-24}
}
Background:There is conflicting evidence as to whether Alzheimer disease (AD) is accompanied by loss of retinal ganglion cells. To evaluate this issue, we have used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the thickness and volume of the retina. We have also sought to correlate our findings with visual function and cognitive impairment. Methods:We evaluated 28 eyes of 14 patients with AD and 30 eyes of 15 age-matched control subjects. In these two groups, we measured retinal nerve fiber… 
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Exploratory biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are often expensive and invasive, which limits their clinical application.1 One potential biomarker is visual-system assessment in the early stages…
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that pattern VEP did not show any significant correlation despite subtle loss in RNFLT, and it remains open whether additional flash VEP combined with R NFLT analysis may be useful in diagnosing AD, particularly for mild-to-moderate stages of the disease.
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TLDR
The first changes in the mild AD patients appear in the psychophysical tests and in thecentral macula with a decrease in the central retinal thickness, and the presence of AD is best indicated based on contrast sensitivity.
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TLDR
It is thought that retinal nerve fiber degeneration and central nervous system degeneration may be concurrent according to the thinning of RNFL measured by OCT in AD and MCI groups.
Retinal abnormalities in early Alzheimer's disease.
TLDR
The results show that AD produces quantifiable abnormalities in the retina, including a specific pattern of RNFL loss, narrow veins, and decreased retinal blood flow in these veins.
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