Reassessment of the phylogenetic interrelationships of basal turtles (Testudinata)

@article{Anquetin2012ReassessmentOT,
  title={Reassessment of the phylogenetic interrelationships of basal turtles (Testudinata)},
  author={J{\'e}r{\'e}my Anquetin},
  journal={Journal of Systematic Palaeontology},
  year={2012},
  volume={10},
  pages={3 - 45}
}
  • J. Anquetin
  • Published 27 February 2012
  • Biology, Environmental Science
  • Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
Recent discoveries from the Late Triassic and Middle Jurassic have significantly improved the fossil record of early turtles. These new forms offer a unique opportunity to test the interrelationships of basal turtles. Nineteen fossil species are added to the taxon sample of the most comprehensive morphological phylogenetic analysis of the turtle clade. Among these additional species are recently discovered forms (e.g. Odontochelys semitestacea, Eileanchelys waldmani, Condorchelys antiqua), taxa… 
View on Taylor & Francis
paleorxiv.org
74 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
18
Background Citations
34
Methods Citations
7
Results Citations
5

74 Citations

A Review of the Fossil Record of Basal Mesozoic Turtles
  • W. Joyce
  • Environmental Science, Geography
    Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History
  • 2017
TLDR
Sedimentological, anatomical, and histological data universally hint at terrestrial habitat preference among the earliest stem turtles, but a more mixed, though unambiguously continental signal is apparent further towards the crown.
Revision of the Triassic European turtles Proterochersis and Murrhardtia (Reptilia, Testudinata, Proterochersidae), with the description of new taxa from Poland and Germany
TLDR
New discovered plesiomorphic aspects of the anatomy of these three species included in the phylogenetic analysis demonstrate that they are not only the oldest, but are also the most basal fully shelled turtles.
New material of the Late Cretaceous marine turtle Ctenochelys acris Zangerl, 1953 and a phylogenetic reassessment of the ‘toxochelyid’-grade taxa
TLDR
This analysis supports the placement of protostegids outside of Chelonioidea as marine eucryptodirans and establishes Ctenochelys spp.
A new phylogenetic hypothesis of turtles with implications for the timing and number of evolutionary transitions to marine lifestyles in the group
TLDR
A new phylogenetic hypothesis informed by high resolution computed tomographic data of living and fossil taxa is presented, indicating three independent evolutionary transitions to marine life in non‐pleurodiran turtles (plus an additional two‐three in pleurodires).
Osteology, Relationships, and Ecology of Annemys (Testudines, Eucryptodira) from the Late Jurassic of Shar Teg, Mongolia, and Phylogenetic Definitions for Xinjiangchelyidae, Sinemydidae, and Macrobaenidae
TLDR
The overall similarity of the shells of the two Annemys species combined with significant differences in the skull indicate that these turtles probably partitioned the aquatic niche by exploring different feeding strategies and implies a moderate level of ecological diversification among Late Jurassic Asian turtles.
A Review of the Fossil Record of Turtles of the Clade Thalassochelydia
TLDR
Thalassochelydians are universally found in near-shore marine sediments and show adaptations to aquatic habitats, but isotopic evidence hints at a broad spectrum of specializations ranging from freshwater aquatic to fully marine.
A Review of the Fossil Record of Turtles of the Clade Pan-Chelydridae
  • W. Joyce
  • Environmental Science, Geography
    Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History
  • 2016
TLDR
Turtles of the total clade Pan-Chelydridae have a relatively sparse fossil record that reaches back to the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) but spread along unclear routes to Asia and Europe during the Paleocene, only to go extinct on those continents by the end of the Pliocene.
Oldest known marine turtle? A new protostegid from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia - eScholarship
TLDR
The description and phylogenetic analysis of a new fossil marine turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of Colombia that has a minimum age that is >25 million years older than the minimum age of the previously recognized oldest chelonioid are presented and it is concluded that D. padillai is the oldest, definitive, fully marine turtle known to date.
A sinemydid turtle from the Jehol Biota provides insights into the basal divergence of crown turtles
TLDR
The analysis indicates that sinemydids mostly share symplesiomorphies with sea turtles and their purported placement outside the crown-group of turtles is an artefact of previous datasets, so the best current phylogenetic estimate is therefore that Sinemydidae are part of the stem lineage of Cryptodira together with an array of other Jurassic to Cretaceous taxa.
A toothed turtle from the Late Jurassic of China and the global biogeographic history of turtles
TLDR
A revision of the global distribution of fossil and recent turtle reveals that the three primary lineages of derived, aquatic turtles, including the crown, Paracryptodira, Pan-Pleurodira, and Pan-Cryptodira can be traced back to the Middle Jurassic of Euramerica, Gondwana, and Asia, respectively, which resulted from the primary break up of Pangaea at that time.
...
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 179 REFERENCES
Phylogenetic Relationships of Mesozoic Turtles
TLDR
This revised topology has important implications for the evolution of several character complexes, because it implies that the common ancestor of all living turtles must have had a partially braced brain case and a primitive trochlear mechanism.
A reevaluation of early amniote phylogeny
TLDR
It is indicated that three major clades of amniotes extend from the present to the Palaeozoic, and these three clades are the Synapsida (including Mammalia), Parareptilia (including Testudines), and Eureptili (including Sauria).
Tests of turtle phylogeny: molecular, morphological, and paleontological approaches.
TLDR
Branch-length analysis and independent dates from the fossil record suggest that these unresolved nodes may represent a rapid radiation of the major cryptodiran lineages 90-120 million years ago.
Pareiasaur phylogeny and the origin of turtles
TLDR
Many features thought to be restricted to turtles (and thus to have evolved simultaneously with the turtle shell) actually arose earlier, at various points along the pareiasaurian stem lineage.
Historical Burden In Systematics And The Interrelationships Of ‘Parareptiles’
TLDR
Turtles are the highly modified survivors of a radiation of poorly‐known reptiles commonly called ‘parareptiles’, and the procolophonoid hypotheses is supported by only one synapomorphy (the slender stapes).
Molecules, morphology, and the monophyly of diapsid reptiles
TLDR
The morphological and molecular evidence for higher-level reptile relationships is reassessed and recent evidence from nuclear genes for a heterodox turtlecrocodile clade might be an artefact of inadequate sampling of a diverse outgroup (mammals) and thus, problems with rooting the reptile tree.
Integration of morphological data sets for phylogenetic analysis of Amniota: the importance of integumentary characters and increased taxonomic sampling.
  • R. Hill
  • Biology, Environmental Science
    Systematic biology
  • 2005
TLDR
Turtles are resolved as the sister taxon to a monophyletic Lepidosauria (squamates + Sphenodon), a novel phylogenetic position that nevertheless is consistent with recent molecular and morphological studies that have hypothesized diapsid affinities for this clade.
A New Species of Palatobaena (Testudines: Baenidae) and a Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian Phylogenetic Analysis of Baenidae
TLDR
The baenid topology reveals a demonstrably homoplastic trend towards the reduction of the temporal emargination and unique thickening of the posterior portion of the parietals that corresponds with the K/T boundary and is hypothesized to have provided limited protection from increasingly effective mammalian predators.
AMNIOTE PHYLOGENY AND THE IMPORTANCE OF FOSSILS
TLDR
The importance of the critical fossils seems to reside in their relative primitive‐ness, and the simplest explanation for their more conservative nature is that they have had less time to evolve.
Turtles as diapsid reptiles
TLDR
The result robustly supports the diapsid affinities of turtles, and so requires reassessment of the use of turtles as 'primitive' reptiles in phylogenetic reconstruction, and illustrates the difficulties of treating groups that have extant members with peculiar morphologies that mask phylogenetic affinity.
...
...