Realizing repeated quantum error correction in a distance-three surface code

@article{Krinner2021RealizingRQ,
  title={Realizing repeated quantum error correction in a distance-three surface code},
  author={Sebastian Krinner and Nathan Lacroix and Ants Remm and Agustin Di Paolo and {\'E}lie Genois and Catherine Leroux and Christoph Hellings and Stefania Lazar and François Swiadek and Johannes Herrmann and Graham J. Norris and Christian Kraglund Andersen and M. Muller and Alexandre Blais and Christopher Eichler and Andreas Wallraff},
  journal={Nature},
  year={2021},
  volume={605},
  pages={669 - 674}
}
Quantum computers hold the promise of solving computational problems that are intractable using conventional methods1. For fault-tolerant operation, quantum computers must correct errors occurring owing to unavoidable decoherence and limited control accuracy2. Here we demonstrate quantum error correction using the surface code, which is known for its exceptionally high tolerance to errors3–6. Using 17 physical qubits in a superconducting circuit, we encode quantum information in a distance… 
View on Springer
[PDF] Semantic Reader
118 Citations
Background Citations
28
Methods Citations
10

118 Citations

Real-Time Decoding for Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computing: Progress, Challenges and Outlook

A perspective article will provide a guidance for researchers, focusing on the most pressing issues in real-time decoding and facilitating the development of solutions across quantum and computer science, to realize fault-tolerant quantum computing and to achieve quantum advantage.

Hardware optimized parity check gates for superconducting surface codes

This work analyzes an unconventional surface code based on multi-body interactions between superconducting transmon qubits and points to a fruitful path forward towards extending gate-model platforms for error correction at the dawn of its empirical development.

Autonomous error correction of a single logical qubit using two transmons

Large-scale quantum computers will inevitably need quantum error correction to protect information against decoherence. Traditional error correction typically requires many qubits, along with…

Strategies for practical advantage of fault-tolerant circuit design in noisy trapped-ion quantum computers

The recent demonstration of a fault-tolerant universal gate set in a trapped-ion quantum computer is characterized and aspects to improve the design of experimental setups to reach an advantage of logical over physical qubit operation are identified.

Fault-tolerant operation of a logical qubit in a diamond quantum processor

This work demonstrates fault-tolerant operations on a logical qubit using spin qubits in diamond using a five-qubit code with a recently discovered flag protocol that enables fault tolerance using a total of seven qubits.

Simulation and performance analysis of quantum error correction with a rotated surface code under a realistic noise model

The demonstration of quantum error correction (QEC) is one of the most important milestones in the realization of fully-fledged quantum computers. Toward this, QEC experiments using the surface codes…

Overcoming leakage in scalable quantum error correction

This work demonstrates the execution of a distance-3 surface code and distance-21 bit-flip code on a Sycamore quantum processor where leakage is removed from all qubits in each cycle, and resolves a key challenge for practical QEC at scale.

Single-shot quantum error correction with the three-dimensional subsystem toric code

It is proved that one round of parity-check measurements suffices to perform reliable QEC with the 3D STC even in the presence of measurement errors, and an efficient single-shot QEC decoding strategy is proposed.

A Practical and Scalable Decoder for Topological Quantum Error Correction with Digital Annealer

Quantum error correction is one of the most important milestones for realization of large-scale quantum computation. To achieve this, it is essential not only to integrate a large number of qubits…

Q3DE: A fault-tolerant quantum computer architecture for multi-bit burst errors by cosmic rays

QC architecture Q3DE is proposed, which enhances the tolerance to multi-bit burst errors by cosmic rays with moderate changes and overhead and significantly relaxes the requirement of qubit density and qubit chip size to realize FTQC.
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 91 REFERENCES

Repeated quantum error detection in a surface code

In a surface code consisting of four data and three ancilla qubits, repeated error detection is demonstrated and the lifetime and coherence time of the logical qubit are enhanced over those of any of the constituent qubits when no errors are detected.

State preservation by repetitive error detection in a superconducting quantum circuit

The protection of classical states from environmental bit-flip errors is reported and the suppression of these errors with increasing system size is demonstrated, motivating further research into the many challenges associated with building a large-scale superconducting quantum computer.

Realization of Real-Time Fault-Tolerant Quantum Error Correction

This work uses a ten qubit QCCD trapped-ion quantum computer to encode a single logical qubit using the [[7, 1, 3]] color code, first proposed by Steane, and demonstrates a dynamically protected logical qubits memory.

Logical-qubit operations in an error-detecting surface code

This work realizes a suite of logical operations on a distance-two logical qubit stabilized using repeated error detection cycles, and demonstrates process tomography of logical gates, using the notion of a logical Pauli transfer matrix.

Fault-tolerant control of an error-corrected qubit

It is demonstrated that fault-tolerant circuits enable highly accurate logical primitives in current quantum systems with improved two-qubit gates and the use of intermediate measurements, and a stabilized logical qubit can be achieved.

Experimental deterministic correction of qubit loss

A complete toolbox is experimentally demonstrated and the implementation of a full cycle of qubit loss detection and correction on a minimal instance of a topological surface code is implemented.

Superconducting quantum circuits at the surface code threshold for fault tolerance

The results demonstrate that Josephson quantum computing is a high-fidelity technology, with a clear path to scaling up to large-scale, fault-tolerant quantum circuits.

Quantum computations on a topologically encoded qubit

A quantum error-correcting code in which one qubit is encoded in entangled states distributed over seven trapped-ion qubits, which represents a fully functional instance of a topologically encoded qubit, or color code, and opens a route toward fault-tolerant quantum computing.

Exponential suppression of bit or phase errors with cyclic error correction

One-dimensional repetition codes embedded in a two-dimensional grid of superconducting qubits are implemented that demonstrate exponential suppression of bit-flip or phase-Flip errors, reducing logical error per round more than 100-fold when increasing the number of qubits from 5 to 21.

Fault-tolerant operation of a logical qubit in a diamond quantum processor

This work demonstrates fault-tolerant operations on a logical qubit using spin qubits in diamond using a five-qubit code with a recently discovered flag protocol that enables fault tolerance using a total of seven qubits.
...