Reactivity to sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]) compared to PdCl2 and NiCl2 in lymphocyte proliferation tests

@article{Muris2009ReactivityTS,
  title={Reactivity to sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]) compared to PdCl2 and NiCl2 in lymphocyte proliferation tests},
  author={Joris Muris and Cees J. Kleverlaan and Albert Joseph Feilzer and Elizabeth Valentine-Thon},
  journal={Allergy},
  year={2009},
  volume={64}
}
Background:  For patch testing, replacement of the commonly used palladium dichloride (PdCl2) by sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]) was recently demonstrated to improve test accuracy and show a significant correlation with nickel (Ni), supporting the concept of cross‐reactivity between Pd and Ni. A promising alternative to metal allergy patch testing is the in vitro lymphocyte proliferation test (LTT). 
View on Wiley
pure.uva.nl
13 Citations
Background Citations
1
Methods Citations
1
Results Citations
1

13 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Detection of nickel and palladium contact hypersensitivity by a flow cytometric lymphocyte proliferation test
TLDR
Flow cytometric LPT represents a reliable and useful method for the detection of nickel (Ni) and palladium (Pd) sensitization and, when used in combination with PT, increase test specificity.
Palladium‐induced Th2 cytokine responses reflect skin test reactivity
TLDR
Both palladium‐ and nickel‐mediated Th2 responses tightly correlate with ST reactivity, supporting recent findings on the crucial role of Th2 involvement in ACD and may have great potential as diagnostic tools for future in vitro sensitization testing.
Immunological Mechanisms of Metal Allergies and the Nickel-Specific TCR-pMHC Interface
TLDR
Known, newly identified and hypothesized mechanisms of metal-specific T cell activation and current knowledge on cross-reactivity are overviewed and discussed.
Palladium allergy prevalence is underestimated because of an inadequate test allergen
TLDR
The low sensitivity of PdCl2 was considered in two articles on an alternative palladium test allergen, namely sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]), for patch testing and for lymphocyte proliferation testing, which confirmed the theory of cross-reactivity between nickel and palladium.
Аллергия на металлы
TLDR
The aim of this work was to summarise scientific data on allergic reactions to metals and their diagnosis in humans and elaboration of a domestic diagnostic test for timely detection of allergies to metals is still relevant.
Palladium Nanoparticles Induce Disturbances in Cell Cycle Entry and Progression of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: Paramount Role of Ions
TLDR
Results suggest that ions, per se or released by NPs, are the true inducers of Pd toxicity, and that cells exposed to Pd(IV) ions showed a significant amplification of these cell cycle alterations.
Metal Allergy
TLDR
The aim of this work was to summarise scientific data on allergic reactions to metals and their diagnosis in humans and elaboration of a domestic diagnostic test for timely detection of allergies to metals is still relevant.
Improved metal allergen reactivity of artificial skin models by integration of Toll‐like receptor 4‐positive cells
TLDR
Reconstructed human epidermis lacks proinflammatory responsiveness for metal haptens, which are the most prevalent human contact allergens, raising concerns about its reliability for predicting skin allergens.
Transition metal sensing by Toll‐like receptor‐4: next to nickel, cobalt and palladium are potent human dendritic cell stimulators
Background Nickel was recently identified as a potent activator of dendritic cells through ligating with human Toll‐like receptor (TLR)‐4.
20 Allergy and Hypersensitivity to Implant Materials
TLDR
The alloys used in these materials require optimal stability and endurance over prolonged time periods and should present optimal biocompatibility and allow connection with the bone without inducing either toxic reactions or activation of the innate or the adaptive immune system.
...
1
2
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 35 REFERENCES
Sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]) as an improved test salt for palladium allergy patch testing
TLDR
This work has shown that palladium tends to cross‐react with nickel, which should give rise to more positive reactions to palladium dichloride (standard test salt).
Cross-reactivity to palladium and nickel studied in the guinea pig.
In recent years there have been several reports on concomitant patch test reactions to palladium and nickel, which belong to the same group in the periodic table. Exposure to palladium mainly takes…
Interaction of palladium ions with the skin
TLDR
The findings seem to demonstrate that the allergic reaction to palladium depends on the arrangement of the metal electrons, which does not seem to be dependent on the element itself but on the complexes formed by the different compounds.
Cross-reactivity of human nickel-reactive T-lymphocyte clones with copper and palladium.
TLDR
The present findings suggest that Cu and Pd hypersensitivities, which are occasionally observed in Ni-allergic patients, may be due to cross-reactivities at the T-cell clonal level rather than to concomitant sensitization.
Cross‐reactivity between nickel and palladium demonstrated by systemic administration of nickel
TLDR
Flare‐up reactions of previous patch test reactions to nickel and palladium after oral challenge with nickel speak in favour of a cross‐reactivity mechanism.
Characterization of processing requirements and metal cross‐reactivities in T cell clones from patients with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel
TLDR
It is indicated that for Cu and Pd, these co‐reactivities observed in vivo in human patients might be due to cross‐reactivity at the clonal level, and the findings suggest that this is not the case for cobalt allergy, which might result from co‐sensitization of the patient to cobalt in addition to nickel.
MELISA-an in vitro tool for the study of metal allergy.
Palladium Patch Reactivity
TLDR
A retrospective review of all patch tests performed at 1 center during the year 2000 was undertaken, and patients with positive patch tests to palladium were selected using the North American Contact Dermatitis Group Standard Screening Series.
In-situ UV-visible study of Pd nanocluster formation in solution.
TLDR
Kinetic models that account for ion reduction, cluster growth and aggregation are presented and the influence of the counteranions and the reducing agents on these processes is discussed.
Multiple sensitivities to transition metals: the nickel palladium reactions
TLDR
Findings seem to demonstrate that, whilst in subjects with positive reactions to nickel sulfate alone antigen formation involves biomolecules containing ions, in those with concomitant reactions to palladium chloride, other structures are involved.
...
1
2
3
4
...