Race and sex differences in head size and IQ

@article{Jensen1994RaceAS,
  title={Race and sex differences in head size and IQ},
  author={Arthur Robert Jensen and Fred W. Johnson},
  journal={Intelligence},
  year={1994},
  volume={18},
  pages={309-333}
}
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95 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
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23
Methods Citations
6
Results Citations
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95 Citations

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It is clear that the direction of the brain-size/cognitive-ability relationships described by Paul Broca, Francis Galton, and other nineteenth-century visionaries is true, and the null hypothesis of no relation, strongly advocated over the last half century, is false.
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Brain size does not predict general cognitive ability within families.
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Within-family sibling differences for several neuroanatomical measures were correlated to WF scores on a diverse battery of cognitive tests in a sample of 36 sibling pairs, suggesting that nongenetic influences play a role in brain volume/cognitive ability associations.
The causal influence of brain size on human intelligence: Evidence from within-family phenotypic associations and GWAS modeling.
Size matters: a review and new analyses of racial differences in cranial capacity and intelligence that refute Kamin and Omari
The Evolution of Brain Size and Intelligence
In this chapter, we update our earlier reviews of the literature (Rushton & Ankney, 1996, 1997) on the relation between whole brain size and general intelligence (IQ). In 55 samples in which IQ…
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References

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TLDR
Prenatal effects are not an important source of bias in twin studies or for heritability estimates based on them, and within-family studies indicated that pleiotropy may contribute to the correlation of intelligence with head size and to the connection with body size.
Intelligence and brain structure in normal individuals.
TLDR
The results suggest that the size of some cerebral structures may account for a significant, but modest, proportion of the variance in human intelligence.
Race, Brain Size, and Intelligence: A Reply to Cernovsky
TLDR
Evidence is reviewed on the relation betweenbrain size and race and (b) brain size and intelligence and that Mongoloid populations have larger and heavier brains than Caucasoids.
Analysis of brain weight. I. Adult brain weight in relation to sex, race, and age.
TLDR
Analysis of the brain weight of 1,261 subjects, aged 25 to 80 years, shows that the mean brain weight decreases in order from white men to black men to white women to black women, and between white men and white women.
Sex differences in relative brain size: The mismeasure of woman, too?
Cultural Correlates with Cranial Capacity
presentations. Several pieces of indirect evidence suggest biocultural interpretations for encephalization (Beals 1987). First, expansion of the brain case has been greater than is explicable by the…
Intelligence, reading achievement, physical size and social class. A study of St. Louis Caucasian boys aged 8-0 to 9-6 years, attending regular schools.
Cranial Capacity Related to Sex, Rank, and Race in a Stratified Random Sample of 6,325 U.S. Military Personnel.
Brain Size, Cranial Morphology, Climate, and Time Machines [and Comments and Reply]
TLDR
Relations between body size and brain size indicate that human populations under severe cold stress obtain large volumes more from rounder cranial shape than from differentiation by total body size.
Analysis of brain weight. II. Adult brain weight in relation to body height, weight, and surface area.
TLDR
Analysis of 1,261 adult subjects, ages 25 to 80 years, showed that there is a positive relationship between the brain weight and the body dimensions and that the loss of brain mass proceeds at a slightly faster rate than loss of body mass.
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