Quantum sensing with nanoparticles for gravimetry: when bigger is better

@article{Rademacher2019QuantumSW,
  title={Quantum sensing with nanoparticles for gravimetry: when bigger is better},
  author={Markus Rademacher and James Millen and Ying Lia Li},
  journal={Advanced Optical Technologies},
  year={2019},
  volume={9},
  pages={227 - 239}
}
Abstract Following the first demonstration of a levitated nanosphere cooled to the quantum ground state in 2020 (U. Delić, et al. Science, vol. 367, p. 892, 2020), macroscopic quantum sensors are seemingly on the horizon. The nanosphere’s large mass as compared to other quantum systems enhances the susceptibility of the nanoparticle to gravitational and inertial forces. In this viewpoint, we describe the features of experiments with optically levitated nanoparticles (J. Millen, T. S. Monteiro… 
View PDF on arXiv
17 Citations
Background Citations
6

Figures and Tables from this paper

17 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Quantum experiments with microscale particles
ABSTRACT Quantum theory is incredibly successful, explaining the microscopic world with great accuracy, from the behaviour of subatomic particles to chemical reactions to solid-state electronics.…
Event-Based Imaging of Levitated Microparticles
Event-based imaging is a neurmorphic detection technique whereby an array of pixels detects a positive or negative change in light intensity at each pixel, and is hence particularly well suited to…
Multiscale Modeling of Broadband Perfect Absorbers Based on Gold Metallic Molecules
The modeling of functional photonic devices that rely on molecular materials continues to be a major contemporary challenge. It is a challenge because, in the Maxwell equations, which govern the…
Stern-Gerlach Interferometry for Tests of Quantum Gravity and General Applications
Stern-Gerlach and/or matter-wave interferometry has garnered significant interest amongst members of the scientific community over the past few decades. Early theoretical results by Schwinger et al.…
Cavity optomechanics in a fiber cavity: the role of stimulated Brillouin scattering
We study the role of stimulated Brillouin scattering in a fiber cavity by numerical simulations and a simple theoretical model and find good agreement between experiment, simulation and theory. We…
Inertial measurement with solid-state spins of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond
Intensive Cavity-Magnomechanical Cooling of a Levitated Macromagnet.
We describe microwave cavity-magnomechanical center-of-mass cooling of a levitated magnetic sphere. The standing magnetic component of the electromagnetic wave within a microwave cavity exerts a…
Interferometric control of nanorotor alignment
The intrinsically non-linear rotation dynamics of rigid bodies offer unprecedented ways for exploiting their quantum motion. In this Letter we devise a rotational analogue of Mach-Zehnder…
Quantum physics in space
Robust macroscopic matter-wave interferometry with solids
Matter-wave interferometry with solids is highly susceptible to minute fluctuations of environmental fields, including gravitational effects from distant sources. Hence, experiments require a degree…
...
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 174 REFERENCES
Optomechanics with Levitated Particles.
TLDR
Optomechanics is concerned with the use of light to control mechanical objects, and trapped mesoscopic particles are the paradigmatic system for studying nanoscale stochastic processes, and have already demonstrated their utility in state-of-the-art force sensing.
Demonstration of an ultracold micro-optomechanical oscillator in a cryogenic cavity
Preparing and manipulating quantum states of mechanical resonators is a highly interdisciplinary undertaking that now receives enormous interest for its far-reaching potential in fundamental and…
Optically driven ultra-stable nanomechanical rotor
TLDR
It is demonstrated that an optically trapped silicon nanorod, set into rotation at MHz frequencies, can be locked to an external clock, transducing the properties of the time standard to the rod’s motion with a remarkable frequency stability fr/Δfr of 7.7 × 1011.
Cooling of a levitated nanoparticle to the motional quantum ground state
TLDR
A quantum interface that combines optical trapping of solids with cavity-mediated light-matter interaction and laser-cooling an optically trapped nanoparticle into its quantum ground state of motion from room temperature is demonstrated.
Gravimetry through non-linear optomechanics
TLDR
It is theoretically shown that, in an optomechanical cavity, only the phase of the optical output needs to be measured to obtain a precise value for the gravitational acceleration with high sensitivity, showing that they could, in principle, surpass the best atomic interferometers even for low optical intensities.
Cavity opto-mechanics using an optically levitated nanosphere
TLDR
A novel approach is proposed, in which optically levitating a nano-mechanical system can greatly reduce its thermal contact, while simultaneously eliminating dissipation arising from clamping, which potentially opens the door to ground-state cooling and coherent manipulation of a single mesoscopic mechanical system or entanglement generation between spatially separate systems, even in room-temperature environments.
Contributed Review: The feasibility of a fully miniaturized magneto-optical trap for portable ultracold quantum technology.
TLDR
The feasibility of incorporating the vacuum system, atom source and optical geometry into a permanently sealed micro-litre system capable of maintaining 10(-10) mbar for more than 1000 days of operation with passive pumping alone is explored.
Macroscopic Quantum Resonators (MAQRO): 2015 update
Do the laws of quantum physics still hold for macroscopic objects - this is at the heart of Schrödinger’s cat paradox - or do gravitation or yet unknown effects set a limit for massive particles?…
Matter-wave interferometry of a levitated thermal nano-oscillator induced and probed by a spin.
TLDR
This work proposes to use an optically levitated diamond bead containing a nitrogen-vacancy center spin to show how the interference between spatially separated states of the center of mass of a mesoscopic harmonic oscillator can be evidenced by coupling it to a spin and performing solely spin manipulations and measurements (Ramsey interferometry).
Optical levitation of 10-ng spheres with nano-g acceleration sensitivity
We demonstrate optical levitation of SiO$_2$ spheres with masses ranging from 0.1 to 30 nanograms. In high vacuum, we observe that the measured acceleration sensitivity improves for larger masses and…
...
...