Psychosocial adjustment after traumatic brain injury: what are the important variables?

@article{Tate1999PsychosocialAA,
  title={Psychosocial adjustment after traumatic brain injury: what are the important variables?},
  author={Robyn L Tate and G. Anthony Broe},
  journal={Psychological Medicine},
  year={1999},
  volume={29},
  pages={713 - 725}
}
  • R. Tate, G. Broe
  • Published 1 May 1999
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • Psychological Medicine
Background. The common legacy of severe degrees of traumatic brain injury is varying degrees and types of impairments, which impact significantly upon the individual's resumption of pre-morbid psychosocial roles. Yet there are few data to indicate the relative contribution of these and other non-injury related variables. Methods. Seventy individuals with varying levels of disability after severe traumatic brain injury were examined neurologically and neuropsychologically, on average at 6 years… 
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107 Citations

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The paper identifies contributions and complex interrelationships of all of these factors to outcome following TBI, including injury-related factors, demographic factors, and social factors including family and other social support, cultural factors, pre-injury psychiatric history and coping style.
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The findings suggest that psychological variables are important in the development of SA following TBI and must be considered alongside clinical factors and the significant role of stigma highlights the need for intervention at both an individualised and societal level.
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Different psychological problems were found across the three groups; more frequently younger patients show internalizing problems such as withdrawal and closure, while, with age, behaviour problems become more frequent, characterized by hyperactivity and aggressiveness.
Longitudinal follow-up of patients with traumatic brain injury: outcome at two, five, and ten years post-injury.
TLDR
Examination of aspects of function, previously shown to be affected following TBI, over a span of 10 years found levels of independence in activities of daily living were high, and as many as 70% of subjects returned to driving, and approximately 40% of patients required more support than before their injury.
Predicting long-term outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI)
TLDR
Findings offer further support for the cognitive reserve construct in explaining significant variance in TBI outcome, over and above the variance explained by injury severity.
Impact of pre-injury factors on outcome after severe traumatic brain injury: Does post-traumatic personality change represent an exacerbation of premorbid traits?
  • R. Tate
  • Psychology
    Neuropsychological rehabilitation
  • 2003
TLDR
Findings suggest that although personality changes occur as a result of traumatic brain injury, they are largely independent of the premorbid personality structure.
Enhanced Appreciation of Life Following Acquired Brain Injury: Posttraumatic Growth at 6 Months Postdischarge
TLDR
Findings indicate that individuals who perceive greater functional consequences of their ABI are more likely to experience posttraumatic growth (PTG), and the process of reevaluating priorities and values in life after ABI may be associated with emotional distress during the early stages of community reintegration.
Cognitive appraisal accuracy moderates the relationship between injury severity and psychosocial outcomes in traumatic brain injury
TLDR
Cognitive appraisal accuracy moderated the relationship between injury severity and aspects of psychosocial function and suggest that brain injury outcomes may be improved when an individual is able to accurately assess limitations.
Relatives' criticism influences adjustment and outcome after traumatic brain injury.
  • R. Weddell
  • Psychology
    Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
  • 2010
Health-related quality of life in patients with multiple injuries and traumatic brain injury 10+ years postinjury.
TLDR
Prospective studies are needed with a broader range of measures that may be sensitive to the consequences of TBI, and evidence-based interventions to facilitate physical and psychological rehabilitation, designed to target at risk patients, are warranted.
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