Protein-based organelles in bacteria: carboxysomes and related microcompartments

@article{Yeates2008ProteinbasedOI,
  title={Protein-based organelles in bacteria: carboxysomes and related microcompartments},
  author={Todd O. Yeates and Cheryl A. Kerfeld and Sabine Heinhorst and Gordon C. Cannon and Jessup M. Shively},
  journal={Nature Reviews Microbiology},
  year={2008},
  volume={6},
  pages={681-691}
}
Many bacteria contain intracellular microcompartments with outer shells that are composed of thousands of protein subunits and interiors that are filled with functionally related enzymes. These microcompartments serve as organelles by sequestering specific metabolic pathways in bacterial cells. The carboxysome, a prototypical bacterial microcompartment that is found in cyanobacteria and some chemoautotrophs, encapsulates ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and carbonic… 
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407 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
21
Background Citations
165
Methods Citations
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407 Citations

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This Review focuses on recent insights into the structure, assembly, diversity and function of BMCs.

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This chapter will summarise recent advances in understanding the composition, biogenesis, structural and functional regulation of carboxysomes, as well as synthetic engineering of car boxysomes.

Carboxysomes: cyanobacterial RubisCO comes in small packages

TLDR
Recent advances in understanding the organization and functioning of carboxysomes are summarized, which seem to function by allowing ready passage of HCO3− into the body, but hindering the escape of evolved CO2, promoting the accumulation of CO2 in the vicinity of RubisCO and, consequently, efficient carbon fixation.

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The known BMC regulation mechanisms are summarized, how much remains to be uncovered is highlighted, and it is proposed that nucleotides are the likely substrate for an enigmatic uncharacterized BMC of unknown function.
...

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