Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy, April 2005.
@article{Bax2005ProposedDA,
title={Proposed definition and classification of cerebral palsy, April 2005.},
author={Martin C. O. Bax and Murray Goldstein and Peter L Rosenbaum and Alan Leviton and Nigel S Paneth and Bernard Dan and Bo Jacobsson and Diane L. Damiano},
journal={Developmental medicine and child neurology},
year={2005},
volume={47 8},
pages={
571-6
}
}Because of the availability of new knowledge about the neurobiology of developmental brain injury, information that epidemiology and modern brain imaging is providing, the availability of more precise measuring instruments of patient performance, and the increase in studies evaluating the efficacy of therapy for the consequences of injury, the need for reconsideration of the definition and classification of cerebral palsy (CP) has become evident. Pertinent material was reviewed at an…
Topics from this paper
2,025 Citations
Definition and classification of cerebral palsy
- MedicineDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 2007
The International Workshop on the Definition and Classification of Cerebral Palsy have proposed a fresh definition and classification of cerebral palsy and the most provocative suggestion is that CP should be classified as unilateral or bilateral with the old terms of diplegia, quadriplegia, etc being abandoned.
Definition and classification of cerebral palsy: a historical perspective
- MedicineDevelopmental medicine and child neurology. Supplement
- 2007
The definition of a diagnosis identifies explicitly which cases are to be recorded under that term and, by implication, which are to be specifically excluded. The definition is the basis for planning…
Clinical Classification of Cerebral Palsy
- Psychology, MedicineCerebral Palsy - Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects
- 2018
The objectives of this chapter are to review the various classifications of CP, to highlight the clinical features used in theVarious classifications, to outline the recent functional classification of CP and to highlight how these recent classifications guide current management.
Early Diagnosis and Classification of Cerebral Palsy: An Historical Perspective and Barriers to an Early Diagnosis
- MedicineJournal of clinical medicine
- 2019
Diagnosis and classification are different, involving different instruments, and are more accurately conducted separately in infants, whereas they are fundamentally interconnected in older children and inform therapeutic decisions.
Assessment tools for cerebral palsy: new directions
- Medicine, Psychology
- 2006
An overview of the broad scope in which assessment should be framed is provided, with examples of areas to evaluate and tools that may be considered for use.
Establishing the diagnosis of cerebral palsy.
- Medicine, PsychologyClinical obstetrics and gynecology
- 2008
It is important not to make the diagnosis too early in infancy, especially when the signs are not severe, as resolution of early neuromotor abnormalities does occur, particularly in premature infants.
Recent advances in the neuroimaging and neuropsychology of cerebral palsy
- PsychologyApplied neuropsychology. Child
- 2017
The improved delineation of differing presentations resulting from more advanced imaging techniques with emerging links to function and some of the evidence for efficacious interventions and the extent to which these interventions are derived from neuropsychological theory and practice are discussed.
Is Cerebral Palsy a Wastebasket Diagnosis?
- Medicine, PsychologyJournal of child neurology
- 2008
The statement that cerebral palsy is a “wastebasket” diagnosis has become so familiar that it is not uncommon to hear it restated by patients as well as doctors, which suggests that perhaps cerebral palsY is not a diagnosis requiring the care of neurologists who are accustomed to more specific and scientifically justifiable terminology.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 22 REFERENCES
TERMINOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF CEREBRAL PALSY
- Medicine, PsychologyDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 1964
The group reached agreement on a definition of cerebral palsy, but ran into difficulties after this and ran into considerable difficulty when they went on to discuss the classification of various types of cerebral paresis.
Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy
- Medicine, PsychologyDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 1997
A five‐level classification system analogous to the staging and grading systems used in medicine, which has application for clinical practice, research, teaching, and administration is developed.
Practice Parameter: Diagnostic assessment of the child with cerebral palsy: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society
- Medicine, PsychologyNeurology
- 2004
This parameter reviewed evidence pertaining to the frequency of other correlated health issues in children with CP, such as epilepsy, mental retardation, and ophthalmologic and hearing impairments.
Surveillance of cerebral palsy in Europe: a collaboration of cerebral palsy surveys and registers
- MedicineDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 2000
A network of CP surveys and registers was formed in 14 centres in eight countries across Europe to standardize the definition of CP, inclusion/exclusion criteria, classification, and description of children with CP, and a basis for services planning among European countries.
Neuroimpairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions in children with cerebral palsy.
- Medicine, PsychologyDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 2002
Motor function and learning disability were important predictors for participation restrictions in children with CP and has the capacity to be a model to help plan interventions for specific functional goals and to ascertain the child's participation in society.
Neuroimpairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions in children with cerebral palsy
- Medicine, Psychology
- 2002
Motor function and learning disability were important predictors for participation restrictions in children with CP and has the capacity to be a model to help plan interventions for specific functional goals and to ascertain the child's participation in society.
Surveillance of cerebral palsy in Europe
- Medicine, Psychology
- 2002
The aim was to develop a common database of children with CP in order to monitor trends in CP and provide information for service planning and raise standards of assessment and care for children with Cerebral Palsy.
Limb distribution, motor impairment, and functional classification of cerebral palsy.
- Psychology, MedicineDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 2004
An analysis of function (GMFCS) by impairment (limb distribution) indicates that the latter clinical characteristic does not add prognostic value over GMFCS, and the value of these subgroups as an indicator of mobility is limited in comparison with the classification of severity with the GM FCS.
Testing of the spinal alignment and range of motion measure: a discriminative measure of posture and flexibility for children with cerebral palsy.
- Psychology, MedicineDevelopmental medicine and child neurology
- 2005
The SAROMM has sufficient reliability and validity for use with children with CP in clinical and research settings by rehabilitation therapists and is supported by a significant contribution of GMFCS level and age to the SAROMm score.
Classification and definition of disorders causing hypertonia in childhood.
- MedicinePediatrics
- 2003
The purpose of the workshop and this article are to define the terms "spasticity," "dystonia," and "rigidity" as they are used to describe clinical features of hypertonia in children to allow differentiation of clinical features even when more than 1 is present simultaneously.