Proofs that yield nothing but their validity or all languages in NP have zero-knowledge proof systems
@article{Goldreich1991ProofsTY, title={Proofs that yield nothing but their validity or all languages in NP have zero-knowledge proof systems}, author={Oded Goldreich and Silvio Micali and Avi Wigderson}, journal={J. ACM}, year={1991}, volume={38}, pages={691-729} }
In this paper the generality and wide applicability of Zero-knowledge proofs, a notion introduced by Goldwasser, Micali, and Rackoff is demonstrated. These are probabilistic and interactive proofs that, for the members of a language, efficiently demonstrate membership in the language without conveying any additional knowledge. All previously known zero-knowledge proofs were only for number-theoretic languages in NP fl CONP. Under the assumption that secure encryption functions exist or by using…
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Necessary and Sufficient Assumptions for Non-iterative Zero-Knowledge Proofs of Knowledge for All NP Relations
- Mathematics, Computer ScienceICALP
- 2000
It is shown that assuming the hardness of factoring Blum integers is sufficient for such constructions of non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge, namely, methods for writing a proof that on input x the prover knows y such that relation R(x, y) holds.
Deterministic-Prover Zero-Knowledge Proofs
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This paper proves the existence of deterministicprover auxiliary-input honest-verifier zero-knowledge for any NP language, under standard assumptions, and sheds light on the necessity of randomness in zero knowledge in settings where either the verifier is honest or there is no auxiliary input.
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- Computer Science, MathematicsJournal of Cryptology
- 2007
This paper studies the concrete complexity of the known general methods for constructing zero-knowledge proofs, and establishes that circuit-based methods, which can be applied in either the GMR or the BCC model, have the potential of producing proofs which could be used in practice.
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- Computer Science, MathematicsIACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch.
- 2019
New efficient one-message proof systems for several practical applications are put forth, like proving that an El Gamal ciphertext decrypts to a given value and correctness of a shuffle and a perfectly sound non-interactive ZAP, WH and HZK proof system for NP relations from number-theoretic assumptions over multiplicative groups of hidden order.
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- 2014
This work constructs zero-knowledge arguments with sublinear communication complexity, and achievable computational demands, and constructs new protocols which compare very favorably to the current state of the art.
A uniform-complexity treatment of encryption and zero-knowledge
- Computer Science, MathematicsJournal of Cryptology
- 2007
It is shown that uniform variants of the two definitions of security, presented in the pioneering work of Goldwasser and Micali, are in fact equivalent, and how to construct such zero-knowledge proof systems for every language inNP, using only a uniform complexity assumption.
Zero Knowledge Proofs for Exact Cover and 0-1 Knapsack
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This paper designs ZKPs for those two NP problems: exact cover and 0-1 knapsack and designs a ZKP for Graph Three-colorability.
A study of perfect zero-knowledge proofs
- Mathematics, Computer Science
- 2008
It is proved that all the known problems admitting perfect zero-knowledge (PZK) proofs can be characterized as non-interactive instance-dependent commitment schemes, and this result is used to generalize and strengthen previous results, as well as to prove new results about PZK problems.
Zero Knowledge Proofs Theory and Applications
- Computer Science, Mathematics
- 2020
The theory underlying Zero Knowledge Proofs is surveyed, developing the idea of interactive proving protocols, which will then be formalized first in Interactive Proofs and then in more complex knowledge withholding schemes, such as Perfect and Computational Zero knowledge Proofs.
A Study of Statistical Zero-Knowledge Proofs
- Computer Science, Mathematics
- 2021
This thesis is a detailed investigation of statistical zero-knowledge proofs, which are zero- knowledge proofs in which the condition that the verifier “learns nothing” is interpreted in a strong statistical sense.
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