Primate defensins

@article{Lehrer2004PrimateD,
  title={Primate defensins},
  author={Robert I. Lehrer},
  journal={Nature Reviews Microbiology},
  year={2004},
  volume={2},
  pages={727-738}
}
  • R. Lehrer
  • Published 2004
  • Biology
  • Nature Reviews Microbiology
Defensins are endogenous, cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides that contribute to host defence against bacterial, fungal and viral infections. There are three subfamilies of defensins in primates: α-defensins are most common in neutrophils and Paneth cells of the small intestine; β-defensins protect the skin and the mucous membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts; and θ-defensins, which are expressed only in Old World monkeys, lesser apes and orangutans, are… 
View on Nature
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
366 Citations
Highly Influential Citations
16
Background Citations
141
Methods Citations
4
Results Citations
2

366 Citations

Citation Type

Citation Type

Defensins as anti-infective and immunomodulatory agents
TLDR
This review summarises the patents that are associated with defensin peptides and their use as published between 2003 and March 2006.
Mammalian defensins in the antimicrobial immune response
TLDR
This review focuses on the biological functions of three structural subgroups of mammalian defensins and the evidence for their involvement as effectors of antimicrobial innate immunity.
β-Defensins: Multifunctional Modulators of Infection, Inflammation and More?
TLDR
This review addresses recent advances in the immunomodulatory activity of β-defensins as well as the involvement ofβ- defensins in fertility, development, wound healing and cancer.
Defensins in innate antiviral immunity
TLDR
This Review focuses on the antiviral activities and mechanisms of action of mammalian defensins, and on the clinical relevance of these activities.
A pocket guide to explorations of the defensin field.
  • M. Selsted
  • Biology
    Current pharmaceutical design
  • 2007
TLDR
A brief history of the emergence of the defensin field is presented with an emphasis on the role of these peptides in mammalian innate immunity.
Defensin-Barbed Innate Immunity: Clinical Associations in the Pediatric Population
TLDR
Recent discoveries in innate immunity shed light on the potential roles of defensins, and other antimicrobial molecules, in the pathophysiology of common pediatric diseases such as atopic dermatitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, cystic fibrosis, and otitis media are reviewed.
β-Defensins in the Fight against Helicobacter pylori
TLDR
The aim of this review is to focus on increased knowledge of the role of β-defensins in response to Hp infection, and the potential use of AMPs, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics, for the treatment of Hp infections.
6 Defensins in Ulcerative Colitis
TLDR
This review highlights the current knowledge of defensins, distribution, structures, the diverse functions in the immune response and the changes ofdefensins expression in UC and the potential role in the pathogenesis of UC.
Review: Defensins and cathelicidins in lung immunity
TLDR
A major challenge for the coming years will be to sort out the relative contributions of defensins and LL-37 to overall immune responses in the lung and to determine which of their many in vitro activities are most important for lung immunity.
Antimicrobial peptides important in innate immunity
TLDR
The present review discusses two of the major classes of mammalian antimicrobial peptides: the defensins and the cathelicidins and focuses on their structures, their main modes of action and their regulation.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...

References

SHOWING 1-10 OF 211 REFERENCES
α-Defensins in the gastrointestinal tract
Mammalian defensins in immunity: more than just microbicidal.
Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of corticostatic defensins and tachyplesins
Defensin‐6 mRNA in human Paneth cells: implications for antimicrobia peptides in host defense of the human bowel
Mouse neutrophils lack defensins
TLDR
It is reported that neutrophils from nine strains of mice lacked appreciable defensin content, suggesting that mice may be imperfect experimental surrogates for humans or rats in models of infection in which neutrophil function is significant.
Roles of antimicrobial peptides such as defensins in innate and adaptive immunity
TLDR
A number of antimicrobial peptides such as defensins have multiple functions in host defence, which endows them with the capacity to marshall adaptive host defences against microbial invaders.
RK-2: A Novel Rabbit Kidney Defensin and Its Implications for Renal Host Defense
Modulation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae susceptibility to vertebrate antibacterial peptides due to a member of the resistance/nodulation/division efflux pump family.
TLDR
Genetic and biochemical evidence is reported that gonococcal susceptibility to the lethal action of PG-1 and other structurally unrelated antibacterial peptides, including a peptide that is expressed constitutively by human granulocytes and testis and inducibly by keratinocytes, is modulated by an energy-dependent efflux system termed mtr.
Minidefensins: antimicrobial peptides with activity against HIV-1.
TLDR
This review compares defensins and minidefensins with respect to their activity against HIV-1, paying special attention to retrocyclins - the ancestral theta-defensins of humans, and their extant counterparts in rhesus monkeys.
Cathelicidins - a family of multifunctional antimicrobial peptides
TLDR
In conclusion, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptides qualify as prototypes of innovative drugs that may be used to treat infection and/or modulate the immune response and the structures of their genes and peptides are provided.
...
1
2
3
4
5
...