Primary sources and immunological prerequisites for sST2 secretion in humans.

@article{Mildner2010PrimarySA,
  title={Primary sources and immunological prerequisites for sST2 secretion in humans.},
  author={Michael Mildner and Angela Storka and Michael Lichtenauer and Veronika Mlitz and Minoo Ghannadan and Konrad Hoetzenecker and Stefanie Nickl and Bal{\'a}zs Dome and Erwin Tschachler and Hendrik Jan Ankersmit},
  journal={Cardiovascular research},
  year={2010},
  volume={87 4},
  pages={
          769-77
        }
}
AIMS Serum levels of the soluble growth stimulation gene-2 (sST2) are elevated in heart and pulmonary diseases. However, the relationship of the sST2/interleukin (IL)-33 axis and its triggers as well as its organ distribution is still not known. This study was thus designed to investigate the cellular origin and regulation of sST2 and IL-33 in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS sST2 and IL-33 gene expression and protein secretion were analysed in pooled organ-specific cDNAs and in primary… 
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Pulmonary Production of Soluble ST2 in Heart Failure
TLDR
The lungs are a relevant source of sST2 in heart failure and the development of therapies targeting the ST2 system in patients with heart failure is suggested.
Components of the interleukin-33/ST2 system are differentially expressed and regulated in human cardiac cells and in cells of the cardiac vasculature
Soluble ST2--analytical considerations.
The ST2/IL-33 Axis in Immune Cells during Inflammatory Diseases
TLDR
Recently, sST2 has been shown to be secreted by intestinal pro-inflammatory T cells during gut inflammation; on the contrary, protective ST2-expressing Tregs are decreased, implicating that ST2/IL-33 signaling may play an important role in intestinal disease.
ST2 and the ST2/IL-33 signalling pathway-biochemistry and pathophysiology in animal models and humans.
Serum soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 as a novel inflammatory marker predicts the severity of acute pancreatitis
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease in which the regulatory pathway is complex and not well understood. Soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) protein receptor…
IL-33 and ST2 in innate and adaptive airway inflammation
TLDR
The levels of systemic sST2 and IL-33 levels in plasma of never smokers, ex-smokers and smokers were determined by immunoassay before and after a corticosteroid trial to ascertain the function of ST2/IL-33 axis in the innate and adaptive responses in allergic airways inflammation and asthma.
Soluble ST2 in the fetal inflammatory response syndrome: in vivo evidence of activation of the anti-inflammatory limb of the immune response
  • T. Stampalija, R. Romero, +6 authors T. Chaiworapongsa
  • Medicine
    The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
  • 2013
TLDR
There was a strong positive correlation between sST2 and IL-10 in neonates with funisitis and/or FIRS and FIRS are associated with an elevation of umbilical cord plasma concentrations of soluble ST2.
Interleukin-33/suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (IL-33/ST2) axis in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies and its association with laboratory and clinical parameters: a pilot study
TLDR
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are rare connective tissue diseases, which can lead to internal organ involvement and levels of sST2 are exceptionally high in patients with anti-SRP antibodies, and its concentration correlates with the degree of disability.
A Role for Soluble ST2 in Vascular Remodeling Associated with Obesity in Rats
TLDR
It is demonstrated that sST2 may act not only as a decoy receptor by binding IL-33 and preventing ST2L, but also modulating ECM remodeling and turnover, which could be a new therapeutic target to reduce vascular remodeling in the context of obesity.
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References

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TLDR
A novel regulatory pathway for LPS-induced shock via the ST2-Toll-like receptor 4 route is demonstrated and may be of considerable therapeutic potential for reducing the severity and pathology of inflammatory diseases.
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TLDR
It is demonstrated that soluble ST2, a marker for Th2 cytokine producing cells, is increased in sepsis and trauma patients, and they provide further evidence for a shift from Th1- to Th2-biased cells.
Soluble ST2 Blocks Interleukin-33 Signaling in Allergic Airway Inflammation*
TLDR
Soluble ST2 acts as a negative regulator of Th2 cytokine production by the IL-33 signaling, providing a molecular mechanism wherein soluble ST2 modulates the biological activity of IL- 33 in allergic airway inflammation.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
The combination of cDNA microarray and TaqMan analysis to identify and quantify changes in gene expression, along with the analysis of protein expression, can be useful in investigating inflammatory and other diseases.
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