Predictive, personalized, preventive, participatory (P4) cancer medicine

@article{Hood2011PredictivePP,
  title={Predictive, personalized, preventive, participatory (P4) cancer medicine},
  author={Leroy E. Hood and Stephen H. Friend},
  journal={Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology},
  year={2011},
  volume={8},
  pages={184-187}
}
  • L. Hood, S. Friend
  • Published 1 March 2011
  • Medicine
  • Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology
Medicine will move from a reactive to a proactive discipline over the next decade—a discipline that is predictive, personalized, preventive and participatory (P4). P4 medicine will be fueled by systems approaches to disease, emerging technologies and analytical tools. There will be two major challenges to achieving P4 medicine—technical and societal barriers—and the societal barriers will prove the most challenging. How do we bring patients, physicians and members of the health-care community… 
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