Precursor Medications as a Source of Methamphetamine and/or Amphetamine Positive Drug Testing Results

@article{Cody2002PrecursorMA,
  title={Precursor Medications as a Source of Methamphetamine and/or Amphetamine Positive Drug Testing Results},
  author={John T. Cody},
  journal={Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine},
  year={2002},
  volume={44},
  pages={435-450}
}
  • J. Cody
  • Published 1 May 2002
  • Biology, Medicine
  • Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
Medical Review Officer interpretation of laboratory results is an important component of drug testing programs. The clinical evaluation of laboratory results to assess the possibility of appropriate medical use of a drug is a task with many different facets, depending on the drug class considered. This intercession prevents the reporting of positive results unless it is apparent that drugs were used illicitly. In addition to the commonly encountered prescribed drugs that yield positive drug… 
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Unexpected finding of amphetamine and methamphetamine in a patient on monoamine oxidase inhibitor
Metabolic profile of amphetamine and methamphetamine following administration of the drug famprofazone.
TLDR
The finding of each enantiomers by itself differentiates famprofazone use from the most commonly abused form of methamphetamine and all medicinal methamphetamine available in the U.S., which is either d-methamphetamine (prescription medication) or l-Meth methamphetamine (Vicks inhaler).
Biological testing for drugs of abuse.
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Toxicologists have a responsibility to understand the strengths and limitations of testing techniques and matrices to be able to critically evaluate the results of a drug test.
Urine Drug Screening : Practical Guide for Clinicians REVIEW
TLDR
Potential false-positive results and false-negative results that occur with immunoassays of amphetamines, cannabinoids, cocaine, opiates, and phencyclidine and with alcohol, benzodiazepines, and tricyclic antidepressants are discussed.
Urine drug screening: practical guide for clinicians.
TLDR
Pagmatic concepts summarized in this article should minimize the potential risks of misinterpreting urine drug screens and the potential pitfalls, such as adulteration, substitution, and dilution of urine samples, which can lead to serious medical or social consequences.
Chapter 3 Amphetamines
Clinical Interpretation of Urine Drug Tests: What Clinicians Need to Know About Urine Drug Screens
Metabolic profile of famprofazone following multidose administration.
TLDR
To determine the methamphetamine and amphetamine excretion profile, samples were extracted, derivatized, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which revealed both enantiomers were present in a predictable pattern.
Famprofazone use can be misinterpreted as methamphetamine abuse.
TLDR
It is clearly possible to misinterpret the legitimate famprofazone user as an illicit MA abuser in Taiwan because the user's urine tested positive for MA, according to the official test methods of Taiwan.
Famprofazone as the Source of Methamphetamine and Amphetamine in Urine Specimen Collected During Sport Competition
TLDR
L Laboratory investigation confirmed that Gewolen® contains famprofazone, which is known to metabolize to methamphetamine and amphetamine and is included in the prohibited list of the World Anti‐Doping Agency.
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References

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Fourteen different metabolic precursors of amphetamine or methamphetamine are included in this review, and medical use, metabolism, analysis, and interpretation are described to afford sufficient information to evaluate the possible involvement of these drugs in positive amphetamineor methamphetamine results.
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TLDR
Fourteen different metabolic precursors of amphetamine or methamphetamine are included in this review, and medical use, metabolism, analysis, and interpretation are described to afford sufficient information to evaluate the possible involvement of these drugs in positive amphetamineor methamphetamine results.
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Analysis of the metabolically produced amphetamine showed the presence of both enantiomers, which can be helpful in the differentiation of some illicit amphetamine use from the use of this precursor drug.
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