Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions

@article{Morris1982PlaceNI,
  title={Place navigation impaired in rats with hippocampal lesions},
  author={Richard G. M. Morris and Paul Garrud and J. Nicholas P. Rawlins and John O’Keefe},
  journal={Nature},
  year={1982},
  volume={297},
  pages={681-683}
}
Electrophysiological studies have shown that single cells in the hippocampus respond during spatial learning and exploration1–4, some firing only when animals enter specific and restricted areas of a familiar environment. Deficits in spatial learning and memory are found after lesions of the hippocampus and its extrinsic fibre connections5,6 following damage to the medial septal nucleus which successfully disrupts the hippocampal theta rhythm7, and in senescent rats which also show a correlated… 
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The generality of the place-learning impairment associated with hippocampal system damage was challenged using methods of training that permitted subjects to form an individual association between…
Medial septal lesions disrupt spatial mapping ability in rats.
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It is suggested that damage to the septo-hippocampal cholinergic projection system produces a deficit in the formation or utilization of a spatial map (reference memory) that represents the location of a place with respect to the surrounding distal cues.
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