Physiological aspects of high-altitude pulmonary edema.

@article{Brtsch2005PhysiologicalAO,
  title={Physiological aspects of high-altitude pulmonary edema.},
  author={Peter B{\"a}rtsch and Heimo Mairb{\"a}url and Marco Maggiorini and Erik R. Swenson},
  journal={Journal of applied physiology},
  year={2005},
  volume={98 3},
  pages={
          1101-10
        }
}
High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) develops in rapidly ascending nonacclimatized healthy individuals at altitudes above 3,000 m. An excessive rise in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) preceding edema formation is the crucial pathophysiological factor because drugs that lower PAP prevent HAPE. Measurements of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air, of nitrites and nitrates in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and forearm NO-dependent endothelial function all point to a reduced NO availability in… 
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High altitude pulmonary edema: A pressure-induced leak

Hypoxic Lung

  • Medicine
  • 2006
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New insights of aquaporin 5 in the pathogenesis of high altitude pulmonary edema

Deletion of AQP5 slightly increased lung edema and lung injury compared to wildtype mice during HAPE development, which suggested that the AQP 5 plays an important role in HAPE formation induced by high altitude simulation.

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The evidence for this chain of events is that high pulmonary arterial pressure precedes HAPE, reduction in pulmonary arterIAL pressure by any means is effective therapy, and HAPE-susceptible people have very strong pulmonary vascular responses to hypoxia and exercise.

High-intensity intermittent exercise increases pulmonary interstitial edema at altitude but not at simulated altitude.

Does High Alveolar Fluid Reabsorption Prevent HAPE in Individuals with Exaggerated Pulmonary Hypertension in Hypoxia?

Results show low nasal ion transport in HAPE but higher transport in those individuals with the highest HPV but without HAPE, indicating that in some individuals with high PAsP at high altitude high alveolar fluid reabsorption might protect them from HAPE.
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References

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