Personality and emotional memory: How regulating emotion impairs memory for emotional events

@article{Richards2006PersonalityAE,
  title={Personality and emotional memory: How regulating emotion impairs memory for emotional events},
  author={J. McDowell Richards and James J. Gross},
  journal={Journal of Research in Personality},
  year={2006},
  volume={40},
  pages={631-651}
}
Abstract In everyday life, individuals actively regulate their emotions in a variety of ways. One common form of emotion regulation is expressive suppression, which entails inhibiting outward signs of emotion. Although expressive suppression is often undertaken with an eye to looking calm despite feeling emotional, an analysis of its self-regulatory demands suggests that this form of emotion regulation may come at a cognitive price. We tested this hypothesis in two studies. In Study 1, we… Expand
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3 novel findings indicate that (a) current negative emotions bias memory of past emotions, (b) this memory bias is magnified for people who habitually use expressive suppression to regulate emotions, and (c)This memory bias may undermine well-being over time. Expand
Suppress to feel and remember less: Neural correlates of explicit and implicit emotional suppression on perception and memory
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Understanding of the common and dissociable mechanisms of explicit and implicit emotional suppression on perception and memory is advanced, and their impact on both bottom-up and top-down mechanisms involved in emotion-cognition interactions is suggested. Expand
Neural long-term effects of emotion regulation on episodic memory processes
TLDR
The data suggest that memory for emotionally encoded stimuli is supported by emotional re-activation, whereas memory for successfully encoded items during emotion regulation is rather supported by recognition of features and cognitive contents. Expand
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The aim of this paper was to contribute to a broader understanding of the cognitive consequences of expressive suppression. Specifically, we examined whether the deteriorating effect of expressive… Expand
Emotion regulation and vulnerability to depression: spontaneous versus instructed use of emotion suppression and reappraisal.
TLDR
Evidence is provided for a role for spontaneous but not instructed emotion regulation in depression vulnerability and for suppression to be ineffective for down-regulating negative emotions. Expand
Cognitive mechanisms underlying emotion regulation
Traditional theories of emotion have emphasised the automatic and unconscious nature of emotion generation and hence emotion regulation via antecedent and response focused strategies. Response… Expand
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TLDR
The results indicate that emotion suppression interferes with memory encoding on the hippocampal level, possibly by decoupling hippocampal and prefrontal encoding processes, suggesting that response-focused emotion suppression might be an adaptive strategy for impairing hippocampal memory formation in highly arousing situations. Expand
The Moderating Role of Emotion Regulation in the Recall of Negative Autobiographical Memories
TLDR
The results support the maladaptive role of rumination and the adaptive influence of cognitive reappraisal on autobiographical memory and suggest that emotion regulation moderates this relationship. Expand
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