Periadventitial fat releases a vascular relaxing factor

@article{Lohn2002PeriadventitialFR,
  title={Periadventitial fat releases a vascular relaxing factor},
  author={Matthias Löhn and Galyna Dubrovska and Birgit Lauterbach and Friedrich C. Luft and Maik Gollasch and AryaMitra Sharma},
  journal={The FASEB Journal},
  year={2002},
  volume={16},
  pages={1057 - 1063}
}
Virtually all blood vessels are surrounded by adventitial fat. Adipocytes produce a host of vasoactive substances that may influence vascular contraction. We tested whether or not perivascular adipose tissue modulates contraction of aortic ring preparations. We studied aortic rings surrounded by periadventitial adipose tissue from adult Sprague‐Dawley rats. At a maximum concentration of 300 nM angiotensin II, 6.5 μM serotonin, and 5 μM phenyleph‐rine, the contractile response of intact rings… 
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TLDR
This review focuses on PVAT dysfunction mechanisms in obesity, where PVAT loses its anticontractile properties by an increase of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory factors, leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease.
Modulation of vein function by perivascular adipose tissue.
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The current understanding towards PVAT is outlined and hints about future studies that can sharpen the therapeutic potential of PVAT against cardiovascular diseases and their complications are provided.
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