Periadventitial fat releases a vascular relaxing factor

@article{Lohn2002PeriadventitialFR,
  title={Periadventitial fat releases a vascular relaxing factor},
  author={Matthias Löhn and Galyna Dubrovska and Birgit Lauterbach and Friedrich C. Luft and Maik Gollasch and Arya M. Sharma},
  journal={The FASEB Journal},
  year={2002},
  volume={16},
  pages={1057 - 1063}
}
Virtually all blood vessels are surrounded by adventitial fat. Adipocytes produce a host of vasoactive substances that may influence vascular contraction. We tested whether or not perivascular adipose tissue modulates contraction of aortic ring preparations. We studied aortic rings surrounded by periadventitial adipose tissue from adult Sprague‐Dawley rats. At a maximum concentration of 300 nM angiotensin II, 6.5 μM serotonin, and 5 μM phenyleph‐rine, the contractile response of intact rings… 
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Visceral Periadventitial Adipose Tissue Regulates Arterial Tone of Mesenteric Arteries
TLDR
It is suggested that visceral periadventitial adipose tissue controls mesenteric arterial tone by inducing vasorelaxation via Kv channel activation in vascular smooth muscle cells.
Perivascular Adipose Tissue, Vascular Reactivity and Hypertension
  • M. Oriowo
  • Biology, Medicine
    Medical Principles and Practice
  • 2014
TLDR
There is the possibility that the anticontractile effect of PVAT was not directly related to an altered function of the adipocytes per se, and the loss could be due to an increased amount of these proinflammatory and procontractile factors.
The role of perivascular adipose tissue on human saphenous vein vascular tone
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Results suggest that PVAT could decrease PGF2α-induced contractile tone via endothelium-independent mechanisms in SV, which could prevent graft vasospasm possibly via PVAT derived relaxant factor(s).
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Hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide induce anticontractile effect of perivascular adipose tissue via renin angiotensin system activation.
Perivascular Adipose Tissue Inhibits Endothelial Function of Rat Aortas via Caveolin-1
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT)-derived factors have been proposed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), occupying the calcium/calmodulin binding…
The role of perivascular adipose tissue in vascular smooth muscle cell growth
TLDR
Using cell‐specific gene interventions and local treatments may provide definitive evidence for identification of key factor(s) involved in PVAT dysfunction‐induced vascular disease and thus may help to develop new therapies.
Mechanisms of Perivascular Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obesity
TLDR
This review focuses on PVAT dysfunction mechanisms in obesity, where PVAT loses its anticontractile properties by an increase of contractile, oxidative, and inflammatory factors, leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease.
Perivascular Adipose Tissue: the Sixth Man of the Cardiovascular System
TLDR
The current understanding towards PVAT is outlined and hints about future studies that can sharpen the therapeutic potential of PVAT against cardiovascular diseases and their complications are provided.
Modulation of vein function by perivascular adipose tissue.
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