Penile erection induced in vivo by a purified toxin from the Brazilian spider Phoneutria nigriventer

@article{Andrade2008PenileEI,
  title={Penile erection induced in vivo by a purified toxin from the Brazilian spider Phoneutria nigriventer},
  author={Enrico F m Andrade and Fabiola Villanova and Priscila Borra and Katia R M Leite and Lanfranco R Troncone and Italo Valle Cortez and Leonardo E. Messina and M{\'a}rio Paranhos and Joaquim F. A. Claro and Miguel Srougi},
  journal={BJU International},
  year={2008},
  volume={102}
}
To verify the effect on erectile tissue of mice of two neuropeptides extracted from the poison of a spider, Phoneutria nigriventer, (Tx2‐5 and ‐6, termed ‘eretina’) after direct injection into the corpus cavernosum, to assess the minimum dosage necessary for effect, the time for initiation of action, the local duration of the erection, histological effects and the presence of local and systemic side‐effects. 
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Highly Influential Citations
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21 Citations

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Citation Type

Erection induced by Tx2-6 toxin of Phoneutria nigriventer spider: expression profile of genes in the nitric oxide pathway of penile tissue of mice.
New insights on arthropod toxins that potentiate erectile function.
Erectile function is improved in aged rats by PnTx2-6, a toxin from Phoneutria nigriventer spider venom.
TLDR
PnTx2-6 improves penile relaxation in aged rats, via increased NOS activity and NO release, resulting in enhanced cGMP levels.
The effect of PnTx2-6 protein from Phoneutria nigriventer spider toxin on improvement of erectile dysfunction in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury.
From the stretcher to the pharmacy's shelf: drug leads from medically important brazilian venomous arachnid species.
TLDR
The present work reviews the state of the art pertaining to venom molecules from Brazilian medically important arachnid species bearing potential biotechnological applications and isolates toxins isolated from the scorpion Tityus serrulatus and the spiders Phoneutria nigriventer and Lycosa erythrognatha.
PnPP-19, a Synthetic and Nontoxic Peptide Designed from a Phoneutria nigriventer Toxin, Potentiates Erectile Function via NO/cGMP.
Functional expression of a recombinant toxin - rPnTx2-6 - active in erectile function in rat.
Increased cavernosal relaxation by Phoneutria nigriventer toxin, PnTx2-6, via activation at NO/cGMP signaling
TLDR
It is concluded that PnTx2-6 facilitates penile relaxation in diabetic mice through a mechanism dependent on nNOS, probably via increasing nitric oxide/cGMP production.
Arachnids of medical importance in Brazil: main active compounds present in scorpion and spider venoms and tick saliva
TLDR
The main components present in spider and scorpion venom as well as in tick saliva are described, since they have similar components, and potential biotechnological applications of some components with important biological activities are shown.
Nitric oxide-induced vasorelaxation in response to PnTx2-6 toxin from Phoneutria nigriventer spider in rat cavernosal tissue.
TLDR
It is shown that PnTx2-6 slows Na(+) channels inactivation in nitrergic neurons, allowing Ca(2+) influx to facilitate NO/cGMP signalling, which promotes increased NO production.
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References

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Nitric oxide release from human corpus cavernosum induced by a purified scorpion toxin.
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Electrophysiological characterization and molecular identification of the Phoneutria nigriventer peptide toxin PnTx2‐6 1
Acetylcholine release from rat brain cortical slices evoked by the fraction P4 of the venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer has Ca2+ and temperature independent components
The purification and amino acid sequences of four Tx2 neurotoxins from the venom of the Brazilian ‘armed’ spider Phoneutria nigriventer (Keys)
Nitric oxide: a physiologic mediator of penile erection.
TLDR
No is established as a physiologic mediator of erectile function and small doses of NO synthase inhibitors abolished electrophysiologically induced penile erections.
Isolation of a pure toxic polypeptide from the venom of the spider Phoneutria nigriventer and its neurophysiological activity on an insect femur preparation.
The purification and amino acid sequence of the lethal neurotoxin Tx1 from the venom of the Brazilian ‘armed’ spider Phoneutria nigriventer
Blockade of neuronal nitric oxide synthase abolishes the toxic effects of Tx2-5, a lethal Phoneutria nigriventer spider toxin.
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