Pedicle screw placement with O-arm and stealth navigation.

@article{Patil2012PedicleSP,
  title={Pedicle screw placement with O-arm and stealth navigation.},
  author={S. Patil and Emily M. Lindley and Evalina L. Burger and Hiroyuki Yoshihara and Vikas V. Patel},
  journal={Orthopedics},
  year={2012},
  volume={35 1},
  pages={
          e61-5
        }
}
Various navigation systems are available to aid pedicle screw placement. The O-arm replaces the need for fluoroscopy and generates a 3-dimensional volumetric dataset that can be viewed as transverse, coronal, and sagittal images of the spine, similar to computed tomography (CT) scanning. The dataset can be downloaded to the Stealth system (Medtronic Navigation, Louisville, Colorado) for real-time intraoperative navigation.The main objectives of the current study were to assess (1) accuracy of… 
A new 3-dimensional method for measuring precision in surgical navigation and methods to optimize navigation accuracy
TLDR
Pedicle screw position at final imaging showed the use of StealthStation navigation to be accurate and safe and several factors affecting the precision of pedicle screw final position relative to that predicted with navigation are identified.
Pedicle Screw Placement Using Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation With Intraoperative 3D Imaging
TLDR
ARSN can be clinically used to place thoracic and lumbosacral pedicle screws with high accuracy and with acceptable navigation time, and the risk for revision surgery and complications could be minimized.
One-step Minimally Invasive Pedicle Screw Instrumentation Using O-Arm and Stealth Navigation
TLDR
Using O-arm and StealthStation navigation with minimally invasive surgical technology for placement of posterior spinal instrumentation is safe, effective, and limits radiation exposure.
Reliability of the Planned Pedicle Screw Trajectory versus the Actual Pedicle Screw Trajectory using Intra-operative 3D CT and Image Guidance
TLDR
The virtual projection view is clinically accurate compared to the actual placement on intra-operative CT in both the axial and sagittal views and a minor difference in the sagittal thoracic and lumbar angulation did not affect clinical outcomes.
Pedicle screw placement assisted by 3D imaging (O-arm system with StealthStation® software) versus free-hand technique for multilevel posterior thoracolumbar fusion
TLDR
Pedicle screw placement using the O-arm is more accurate than a standard free-hand technique, specifically at the thoracic spine, according to a retrospective, single-institution case series study.
The accuracy of pedicle screw placement using intraoperative image guidance systems.
TLDR
Three-dimensional fluoroscope image guidance systems demonstrated a significantly higher pedicle screw placement accuracy than conventional fluoroscopy or 2D fluoroscopic image guidance methods.
Robotic-guided sacro-pelvic fixation using S2 alar-iliac screws: feasibility and accuracy
TLDR
Robotic guided S2AI screw placement is feasible and accurate and Larger studies are needed to assess the long-term clinical outcomes of robotic guided sacral-pelvic fixation.
Tracked Ultrasound Snapshots in Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement Navigation: A Feasibility Study
TLDR
Tracked ultrasound may allow accurate computer-navigated pedicle screw placement while avoiding ionizing radiation in the operating room; however, further studies that compare this approach with other navigation techniques are needed to confirm the practical use of this new approach.
Clinical outcomes following spinal fusion using an intraoperative computed tomographic 3D imaging system.
TLDR
It is hypothesized that increased accuracy achieved with O-arm-assisted navigation decreases the rate of reoperation secondary to reduced hardware failure and screw misplacement and is investigated in the first to investigate clinical outcomes following thoracolumbar spinal fusion.
Intraoperative three-dimensional fluoroscopy after transpedicular positioning of Kirschner-wire versus conventional intraoperative biplanar fluoroscopic control: A retrospective study of 345 patients and 1880 pedicle screws
TLDR
Three-dimensional imaging after transpedicular K-wire positioning leads to solid intraoperative identification of misplaced K-wires prior to screw placement and reduces screw revision rates compared with conventional fluoroscopic control.
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3D fluoroscopy allows highly accurate spinal navigation and will facilitate the application of minimally invasive techniques to the field of spine surgery, according to the authors.
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It is concluded that Iso-C(3D) navigation is a very accurate method for the placement of pedicle screws.
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BACKGROUND Minimally invasive spinal surgery (MISS) has evolved over the past years due to the combination of microsurgery, minimal access strategies and neuronavigation. Percutaneous or mini-open
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Results show that a computer assisted technique is much more accurate and safe than manual insertion in treating fractures, spondylolisthesis, or pseudarthrosis and in patients with scoliosis, four screws in four vertebrae had incorrect placement.
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