Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options

@article{Aboud2019PainMI,
  title={Pain Management in Multiple Sclerosis: a Review of Available Treatment Options},
  author={Talal Aboud and Nathaniel M. Schuster},
  journal={Current Treatment Options in Neurology},
  year={2019},
  volume={21}
}
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease with no curative treatment available. While recent years have ushered in many effective new disease-modifying therapies for MS, they have not obviated the need for symptomatic treatments for MS-related pain. In this review, we discuss available approaches to control pain, which is one of the most common complaints MS patients have. The most recent research in this topic is directed towards non-pharmacologic interventions including water… 
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An update on the pharmacological management of pain in patients with multiple sclerosis
TLDR
Clinicians should consider available treatment regimens based on efficacy, safety, cost, and the clinical complexity of the patient to reduce the risk of overuse and mitigate the complaint of simultaneous and multiple therapies.
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The results indicated that the majority of the non-pharmacological rehabilitation interventions showed potential therapeutic effects in reducing pain intensity in patients with MS.
Neuropathic Pain in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Animal Models: Focus on Mechanisms, Knowledge Gaps and Future Directions
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An overview of several mechanisms implicated in neuropathic pain in EAE is provided by summarizing published reports and discusses current knowledge gaps and future research directions, especially based on information obtained by use of other animal models of Neuropathic pain such as nerve injury.
Non-invasive Brain and Spinal Stimulation for Pain and Related Symptoms in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review
TLDR
All the studies converge in showing a significant improvement of pain after active NIBSS with less consistent effects on other symptoms of the pain-related cluster (depression, fatigue, cognition) and quality of life.
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Yoga practice can be the best medicine to treat multiple sclerosis when one can become aware of how their daily breathing affects every part of their body control.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review.
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This review summarizes current evidence regarding diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis and describes nine classes of disease-modifying therapies available for relapsing-remitting MS, defined as relapses at onset with stable neurologic disability between episodes.
Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for the Management of Neuropathic Pain: A Narrative Review.
TLDR
The results suggest that tDCS induced pain reduction in patients with NP due to stroke or spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, or trigeminal neuralgia may be beneficial in treating patients withNP.
Behavioral Interventions in Multiple Sclerosis.
TLDR
There is considerable evidence that behavioral interventions that increase cognitive and/or behavioral skills to address the challenges of day-to-day life with MS can promote resilience and reduce overall distress associated with this chronic and unpredictable disease.
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TLDR
Increased blood and CSF MDA and decreased blood albumin levels in patients with MS are revealed, strengthening the clinical evidence of increased oxidative stress in MS.
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The reasons why BCT changes should be considered instead of conventional measures will be discussed while explaining the effects of balneotherapy in this article, along with a discussion of BCT measurement in balne therapy practice.
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