PLASMODIUM JUXTANUCLEARE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN BLACK-FOOTED PENGUINS (SPHENISCUS DEMERSUS) ADMITTED TO A REHABILITATION CENTER

@inproceedings{Grim2003PLASMODIUMJA,
  title={PLASMODIUM JUXTANUCLEARE ASSOCIATED WITH MORTALITY IN BLACK-FOOTED PENGUINS (SPHENISCUS DEMERSUS) ADMITTED TO A REHABILITATION CENTER},
  author={K. Christiana Grim and Estelle van der Merwe and Margery Sullivan and Nola J. Parsons and T. F. McCutchan and Michael R. Cranfield},
  booktitle={Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians},
  year={2003}
}
Abstract Five black-footed penguins (Spheniscus demersus) admitted to the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds, in Cape Town, South Africa, died from malaria infection. Evidence for malaria as the cause of death included antemortem clinical signs, parasitemia, splenomegaly, pulmonary edema, and the presence of histologically visible schizonts in the reticuloendothelial system. A portion of the malarial small subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene was detected by… 
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56 Citations

Novel relapsing fever Borrelia detected in African penguins (Spheniscus demersus) admitted to two rehabilitation centers in South Africa

TLDR
Analysis of partial flaB gene sequences indicated this was a relapsing fever Borrelia most similar to a BorrelIA sp.

Unidentified Plasmodium Species in Australian Black Swans (Cygnus atratus) Hatched and Raised in North America

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Subclinical infections with Plasmodium species in birds may affect collection management, and transmission from refractory hosts to susceptible hosts should be considered when multispecies exhibits are used.

Cases of mortality in little penguins (Eudyptula minor) in New Zealand associated with avian malaria

TLDR
The results suggest that avian malaria is associated with sporadic mortality in New Zealand’s little penguins both in the wild and in captivity, but there is no evidence of mass mortality events due to Plasmodium spp.

Schistosomes in South African penguins

TLDR
During the years 2009–2012, faeces of African penguins from South African rehabilitation centres were examined for helminths and the shape of the eggs suggests that they belong to the genus Gigantobilharzia; however, due to the insufficient stage of knowledge of the genus and limited number of species available for comparison, it was not able to assign the isolate unambiguously to this genus.

ANALYSIS OF PLASMODIUM LINEAGES IDENTIFIED IN CAPTIVE PENGUINS (SPHENISCIFORMES SPP.), EIDERS (SOMATERIA SPP.), AND INCA TERNS (LAROSTERNA INCA) IN A NORTH AMERICAN ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTION

TLDR
It is suggested that age and season of death were not associated with malaria status, and data may be consistent with a difference in virulence between parasite lineages.

Plasmodium matutinum Transmitted by Culex pipiens as a Cause of Avian Malaria in Captive African Penguins (Spheniscus demersus) in Italy

TLDR
Zoos maintaining captive penguins in temperate areas where Culex pipiens is abundant should be well aware of the risks of avian malaria, and should put every effort to prevent outbreaks, in particular when the number of vectors is higher.

Pathological and molecular characterization of avian malaria in captive Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) in South America

Avian malaria is a mosquito-borne disease that affects multiple avian species and is caused by protozoans of the genus Plasmodium. An avian malaria infection caused by Plasmodium sp. in Magellanic…

Malaria in penguins – current perceptions

TLDR
An overview of the aetiology, life cycle and epidemiology of avian malaria is provided, and details on the strategies that can be employed for the diagnostic, treatment and prevention of this disease in captive penguins are provided, discussing possible directions for future research.

Haemosporidian infection in captive masked bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus ridgwayi), an endangered subspecies of the northern bobwhite quail.

MORPHOLOGIC AND MOLECULAR STUDY OF HEMOPARASITES IN WILD CORVIDS AND EVIDENCE OF SEQUENCE IDENTITY WITH PLASMODIUM DNA DETECTED IN CAPTIVE BLACK-FOOTED PENGUINS (SPHENISCUS DEMERSUS)

TLDR
Sequencing and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the parasite DNA amplified from the penguins, magpies, and crows were similar and could therefore act as a reservoir for penguin Plasmodium infections, which may be more prevalent than previously thought.
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TLDR
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TLDR
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TLDR
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