Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Tonotopic organization of N. magnocellularis and N. laminaris

@article{Rubel1975OrganizationAD,
  title={Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Tonotopic organization of N. magnocellularis and N. laminaris},
  author={Edwin W. Rubel and Thomas N. Parks},
  journal={Journal of Comparative Neurology},
  year={1975},
  volume={164}
}
  • E. Rubel, T. Parks
  • Published 15 December 1975
  • Biology
  • Journal of Comparative Neurology
Extracellular recordings of responses to tone‐burst stimulation were used to determine the tonotopic organization of n. magnocellularis (NM) and n. laminaris (NL) in hatchling chickens. NM cells show “primary‐like” response patterns to ipsilateral stimulation, and are arranged in dorso‐ventral isofrequency columns. Units responding to the highest frequency tones (about 4,100 Hz) are situated at the rostromedial pole of the medial division. Units with lower characteristic frequencies (CF's) are… 
Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Organization of projections from N. magnocellularis to N. laminaris
TLDR
The tonotopic and topographic organization of the bilateral projection from second‐order auditory neurons of nucleus magnocellularis to nucleus laminaris (NL) was examined in young chickens to examine the distribution of projections from the lesioned area to the ipsilateral and contralateral NL.
Tonotopic organization of the superior olivary nucleus in the chicken auditory brainstem
TLDR
This work provides a predictive model to determine the optimal stimulus frequency for a neuron from its spatial location in the SON of chickens, and this tonotopic organization is less precise than the organization of the excitatory nuclei in the chicken auditory brainstem.
Response properties of single neurons in the zebra finch auditory midbrain: response patterns, frequency coding, intensity coding, and spike latencies.
TLDR
The tuning properties of single MLd neurons in adult male zebra finches are studied to suggest that auditory midbrain neurons may be particularly suited for processing temporally complex signals with a high degree of precision.
The Superior Olivary Nucleus and Its Influence on Nucleus Laminaris: A Source of Inhibitory Feedback for Coincidence Detection in the Avian Auditory Brainstem
TLDR
Results strongly suggest that the SON provides GABAergic inhibitory feedback to laminaris neurons, a mechanism whereby SON-evoked GABAergic inhibition can influence the coding of interaural time differences for sound localization in the avian auditory brainstem.
A circuit for coding interaural time differences in the chick brainstem
TLDR
This circuit, examined by analyzing evoked field potentials using a brain slice preparation containing both NL and NM, could provide a mechanism for converting interaural time differences into a “place map” within NL.
Tonotopic Specialization of Auditory Coincidence Detection in Nucleus Laminaris of the Chick
TLDR
The specialization of middle-CF neurons as coincidence detectors may account for the high resolution of sound-source localization in the middle-frequency range observed in avians.
Organization and development of the brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Primary afferent projections
TLDR
The pattern of primary auditory projections to the brain stem of young chickens was investigated using terminal degeneration methods and orthograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or tritiated amino acid to confirm the conclusion that the laminar nucleus of chickens does not receive primary afferents.
Topography and morphology of the inhibitory projection from superior olivary nucleus to nucleus laminaris in chickens (Gallus gallus)
TLDR
The organization of the projection from SON to NL supports its proposed functions of controlling the overall activity level of NL and enhancing the specificity of frequency mapping and ITD detection.
Frequency-specific projections of individual neurons in chick brainstem auditory nuclei
  • S. R. Young, E. Rubel
  • Biology
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
  • 1983
TLDR
It is suggested that the elongated terminal fields provide the basis of the tonotopic organization observed in nucleus laminaris and that the trajectories of the ipsilateral and contralateral axons may provide differential conduction delays that are important for binaural integration of acoustic information.
Aberrant projection induced by otocyst removal maintains normal tonotopic organization in the chick cochlear nucleus
TLDR
Qualitative analyses revealed that the frequency organization of the deafferented NM is almost identical to that in normal embryos, and characteristic frequencies in NM on both sides of the brain of operated embryos are higher than the frequencies observed previously at comparable regions of the nucleus in unoperated controls.
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References

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Organization and development of brain stem auditory nuclei of the chicken: Organization of projections from N. magnocellularis to N. laminaris
TLDR
The tonotopic and topographic organization of the bilateral projection from second‐order auditory neurons of nucleus magnocellularis to nucleus laminaris (NL) was examined in young chickens to examine the distribution of projections from the lesioned area to the ipsilateral and contralateral NL.
Single Auditory Units in the Superior Olivary Complex: II: Locations of Unit Categories and Tonotopic Organization
TLDR
With few exceptions, units dorsolateral to the MSO were excited by ipsilateral sounds, and units ventromedial to theMSO, or in the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus (VNLL), were exciting by contralateral sounds.
Single auditory units in the superior olivary complex
TLDR
Response properties to sounds were examined in single auditory units in the superior olivary complex and the ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus to identify spontaneous firing rate, thresholds to best-frequency tones, and latency of responses to sound bursts.
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  • Biology
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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TLDR
The development of auditory neural responses is timed to prepare the embryo for the onset of prenatal mother-young communication and is accompanied by a gradual rise both in neuronal sensitivity and in frequency range of maximum sensitivity.
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