On the Problem of Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics

@article{Bell1966OnTP,
  title={On the Problem of Hidden Variables in Quantum Mechanics},
  author={John Stewart Bell},
  journal={Reviews of Modern Physics},
  year={1966},
  volume={38},
  pages={447-452}
}
  • J. Bell
  • Published 1 July 1966
  • Physics
  • Reviews of Modern Physics
The demonstrations of von Neumann and others, that quantum mechanics does not permit a hidden variable interpretation, are reconsidered. It is shown that their essential axioms are unreasonable. It is urged that in further examination of this problem an interesting axiom would be that mutually distant systems are independent of one another. 
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A SUGGESTED INTERPRETATION OF THE QUANTUM THEORY IN TERMS OF "HIDDEN" VARIABLES. II

In this paper, we shall show how the theory of measurements is to be understood from the point of view of a physical interpretation of the quantum theory in terms of hidden variables developed in a…

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THE paradox of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen [1] was advanced as an argument that quantum mechanics could not be a complete theory but should be supplemented by additional variables. These additional…

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Because the mathematical form of von Neumann's hidden-parameter proof is not well known, its scope has sometimes been unjustifiably narrowed by commentators. The proof is here reproduced in the more…

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