Olfactory dysfunction in the pathophysiological continuum of dementia

@article{Bathini2019OlfactoryDI,
  title={Olfactory dysfunction in the pathophysiological continuum of dementia},
  author={Praveen Bathini and Emanuele Brai and Lavinia Alberi Auber},
  journal={Ageing Research Reviews},
  year={2019},
  volume={55}
}
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Findings that olfactory bulb neuronal processing serves as a marker of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders are reviewed.
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Odor identification dysfunction is already present with SCD and deepens with disease severity in the AD spectrum, and it may contribute to predicting cognitive decline and identifying SCD subjects who are at risk of developing AD.
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Increasing evidence suggests that dizziness associated with vestibular dysfunction increases the risk of cognitive dysfunction, including dementia, and the understanding of the basic neurobiology of this sensory system supports this view.
Olfactory Function and Markers of Brain Pathology in Non-Demented Individuals with Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease.
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It is suggested that olfactory dysfunction has promise as an early marker of brain pathology and future risk for dementia in non-demented mutation carriers of an autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) mutation and non-carrier family members.
Structural and Functional Abnormalities of Olfactory-Related Regions in Subjective Cognitive Decline, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Alzheimer’s Disease
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Structural and functional abnormalities of olfactory-related regions present early with SCD and deepen with disease severity in the AD spectrum, suggesting the hippocampus and caudate nucleus may be the hub joining OI and cognitive function in theAD spectrum.
Smell, an Underrated Early Biomarker for Brain Aging
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In an attempt to put olfaction forward as an early biomarker for pathological brain aging, a comparison with vision and hearing is drawn, regarded as more relevant for general health.
Functional Alterations in the Olfactory Neuronal Circuit Occur before Hippocampal Plasticity Deficits in the P301S Mouse Model of Tauopathy: Implications for Early Diagnosis and Translational Research in Alzheimer’s Disease
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The alterations in network oscillations at the OB level and impairments in the functioning of the SC-CA1 pyramidal synapses strongly suggest that the progression of tau pathology elicited a brain area, activity-dependent disturbance in functional synaptic transmission in Alzheimer’s disease.
A novel olfactory threshold test for screening cognitive decline among elderly people
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The Sniff Bubble test can adequately detect cognitive decline in elderly people and may be used clinically as the first step in the screening process, and the cut-off score for this tool was defined, at 3 and higher with an area under the curve of 0.759 (p < 0.001).
The additive effect of late-life depression and olfactory dysfunction on the risk of dementia was mediated by hypersynchronization of the hippocampus/fusiform gyrus
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Overall, mediated by the hypersynchronization of the left hippocampus/fusiform gyrus, OI dysfunction may increase the risk of dementia in LLD patients.
Olfactory impairment and the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in older adults: a meta-analysis.
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