Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders

@article{Khalil2018NeurofilamentsAB,
  title={Neurofilaments as biomarkers in neurological disorders},
  author={Michael Khalil and Charlotte E. Teunissen and Markus Otto and Fredrik Piehl and Maria Pia Sormani and Thomas Gattringer and Christian Barro and Ludwig Kappos and Manuel Comabella and Franz Fazekas and Axel Petzold and Kaj Blennow and Henrik Zetterberg and Jens Kuhle},
  journal={Nature Reviews Neurology},
  year={2018},
  volume={14},
  pages={577-589}
}
Neuroaxonal damage is the pathological substrate of permanent disability in various neurological disorders. Reliable quantification and longitudinal follow-up of such damage are important for assessing disease activity, monitoring treatment responses, facilitating treatment development and determining prognosis. The neurofilament proteins have promise in this context because their levels rise upon neuroaxonal damage not only in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but also in blood, and they indicate… 
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Neurofilament light chain — new potential for prediction and prognosis
  • I. Fyfe
  • Medicine
    Nature Reviews Neurology
  • 2019
TLDR
Three new studies show that blood levels of NfL indicate disease severity and/or progression in Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple sclerosis (MS), and determine the prognostic value of this test when conducted at the time of diagnosis.
Neurofilament Proteins as Biomarkers to Monitor Neurological Diseases and the Efficacy of Therapies
TLDR
NfPs are rapidly emerging as transformative blood biomarkers in neurology providing novel insights into a wide range of neurological diseases and advancing clinical trials and the value and limitations of NfPs and degradation fragments are reviewed.
Current state-of-art of the application of serum neurofilaments in multiple sclerosis diagnosis and monitoring.
TLDR
Serum neurofilaments light chain quantification is technically feasible and is likely to provide relevant pieces of information to understand MS pathophysiology, to identify patients at higher risk to develop multiple sclerosis and more severe disability.
Serum neurofilament light levels in normal aging and their association with morphologic brain changes
TLDR
It is demonstrated that serum NfL levels increase in healthy aging people and predict and correlate with brain volume loss, which may be driven by subclinical comorbid pathologies.
Diagnostic and Prognostic Role of Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood Neurofilaments in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Review of the Literature
TLDR
Nfs are considered as promising and useful biomarkers in diagnosis of MND, early patient identification for inclusion in clinical trials, prediction of disease progression, and response to pharmacological intervention, and the validation of their measurement in clinical activity is suggested.
Neurofilament makes light of MS treatment monitoring
  • I. Fyfe
  • Medicine
    Nature Reviews Neurology
  • 2019
TLDR
Serum levels of neurofilament light chain (NfL) can be used to monitor treatment responses and safety in multiple sclerosis (MS), according to two new studies, and it is indicated that NfL could be Used as a biomarker to identify patients with a poor response or who are developing serious adverse effects.
Neurofilaments in motor neuron disorders: towards promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
TLDR
How NFs are impacting research and clinical management in ALS and other MNDs is discussed and how NFs may provide a useful tool for the early enrolment of patients in clinical trials is discussed.
The Evolution of Neurofilament Light Chain in Multiple Sclerosis
TLDR
The characteristics that make NfL a highly informative biomarker and depict the available technologies used for its measurement are discussed and the growing role of serum and CSF N fL in MS research and clinical settings is discussed.
Blood neurofilament light: a critical review of its application to neurologic disease
TLDR
Measurement of blood NfL provides a new blood biomarker for neurologic diseases overcoming the invasiveness of CSF sampling that restricted N fL clinical application.
[Evaluation of serum neurofilament light chains levels for diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis in multiple sclerosis].
TLDR
This review comprises existing data on the possible opportunities for research of serum neurofilament light chains in terms of exacerbations, effectiveness of basic therapy, assessment of individual disability, the atrophy of central nervous system structures.
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References

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