Neurodegenerative disease and adult neurogenesis

@article{Winner2011NeurodegenerativeDA,
  title={Neurodegenerative disease and adult neurogenesis},
  author={Beate Winner and Zacharias Kohl and Fred H. Gage},
  journal={European Journal of Neuroscience},
  year={2011},
  volume={33}
}
The generation and cell death of newly generated cells have critical roles in brain development and maintenance in the embryonic and adult brain. Alterations in these processes are also seen in neurodegenerative diseases. Genes that are key players in neurodegenerative diseases (α‐synuclein, presenilin‐1, tau, huntingtin) are also physiologically involved in modulating brain plasticity. Interestingly, in some neurodegenerative diseases, the specific alterations in neurogenic areas such as the… 
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Concepts related to the interplay between cellular plasticity in regions of adult neurogenesis with a specific focus on cell-aut autonomous and non-cell-autonomous factors are reviewed.
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Current concepts related to the interplay between cellular plasticity in the adult hippocampus in transgenic animal models and human brains of both diseases are reviewed and various strategies aimed to enhance endogenous neurogenic Plasticity in animal models of PD and HD are overviewed.
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Current knowledge about the adult neurogenic niches in PD is reviewed and adult newborn neurons have been proposed as a source of endogenous repair and areas of future research are highlighted.
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Current, state-of-the art perspectives on adult neurogenesis, neuroinflammation, and the relationship between these two phenomena in AD are summarized and the potential therapeutic approaches are discussed, focusing on the anti-inflammatory and proneurogenic interventions that have been reported in this field.
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This review discusses the different observations concerning neurogenesis in the rodent and human brain, and their functional implications for the healthy and diseased brain.
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The changes in neurogenesis observed during the initial stages and progression of AD suggest that the modulation of the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus contributes to the processes of learning and memory.
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Adult hippocampal neurogenesis and its role in Alzheimer's disease
TLDR
Dysfunctional neurogenesis resulting from early subtle disease manifestations may in turn exacerbate neuronal vulnerability to AD and contribute to memory impairment, whereas enhanced Neurogenesis may be a compensatory response and represent an endogenous brain repair mechanism.
Role of Neuroinflammation in Adult Neurogenesis and Alzheimer Disease: Therapeutic Approaches
TLDR
The relationships between neuroinflammation, Alzheimer disease, and adult neurogenesis are revised, as well as the current therapeutic approaches that have been developed in the field.
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