Multiple Sclerosis - A Vascular Etiology?

@article{Weir2010MultipleS,
  title={Multiple Sclerosis - A Vascular Etiology?},
  author={Bryce K. A. Weir},
  journal={Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques},
  year={2010},
  volume={37},
  pages={745 - 757}
}
  • B. Weir
  • Published 1 November 2010
  • Medicine
  • Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques
Abstract From the earliest pathological studies the perivenular localization of the demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been observed. It has recently been suggested that obstructions to venous flow or inadequate venous valves in the great veins in the neck, thorax and abdomen can cause damaging backflow into the cerebral and spinal cord circulations. Paolo Zamboni and colleagues have demonstrated abnormal venous circulation in some multiple sclerosis patients using non-invasive… 
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Background Citations
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20 Citations

Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis: diagnostic, pathogenetic, clinical and treatment perspectives
TLDR
There is an urgent need to define and validate the spectrum of cranial/extracranial venous anomalies and to establish reliable, diagnostic gold-standard test(s) for CCSVI.
Failure of the vascular hypothesis of multiple sclerosis in a rat model of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency.
TLDR
It is recommended that the invasive endovascular treatment of CCSVI should be reconsidered and further controlled clinical studies be carried out to provide a better understanding of the pathogeneses of MS.
Magnetic resonance imaging signatures of vascular pathology in multiple sclerosis
TLDR
The current state-of-the-art methods using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as applied to imaging MS patients and CCSVI are reviewed, including evaluating imaging signatures of vascular structure and flow as well as brain iron content.
Validity of the diagnostic criteria for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency and association with multiple sclerosis
TLDR
This study revealed significant methodologic concerns regarding the proposed diagnostic criteria for chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency that challenge their validity and detected no differences in the proportion of venous outflow abnormalities between patients with multiple sclerosis and healthy controls.
The manifestation of vortical and secondary flow in the cerebral venous outflow tract: An in vivo MR velocimetry study.
A technical approach to dissecting and assessing cadaveric veins pertinent to chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency in multiple sclerosis
TLDR
A technical approach for harvesting cadaveric neck and thoracic veins with relevance to chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is detailed and the normal anatomic venous structures are presented.
Biophysics of venous return from the brain from the perspective of the pathophysiology of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency.
TLDR
The biophysical analysis of venous outflow in healthy individuals and in patients with chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency implies that the brain cannot easily compensate for increased peripheral venous resistance, either by elevating the pressure gradient or by decreasing the vascular resistance through the recruitment of additional drainage pathways.
Cerebral microvascular endothelium and the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases
TLDR
How greater understanding of the role of BBB function could lead to new therapeutic approaches for diseases of the CNS that target the dynamic properties of brain endothelial cells is discussed.
Investigating the root causes of multiple sclerosis using systems analysis and dynamics, developing an integrated treatment strategy
TLDR
The conceptual model was used to investigate the dynamics of the illness and understand its initiation and subsequent illness progression qualitatively, and the model can start to analyse how treatment for multiple sclerosis must be approached in a multi-disciplinary way in order to be successful.
Brain venous haemodynamics, neurological diseases and mathematical modelling. A review
  • E. Toro
  • Medicine
    Appl. Math. Comput.
  • 2016
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