Mule cognition: a case of hybrid vigour?

@article{Proops2008MuleCA,
  title={Mule cognition: a case of hybrid vigour?},
  author={Leanne Proops and Faith Adelaide Burden and B. Osthaus},
  journal={Animal Cognition},
  year={2008},
  volume={12},
  pages={75-84}
}
This study compares the behaviour of the mule (Equus asinus × Equus caballus) with that of its parent species to assess the effects of hybridization on cognition. Six mules, six ponies (E. caballus) and six donkeys (E. asinus) were given a two choice visual discrimination learning task. Each session consisted of 12 trials and pass level was reached when subjects chose the correct stimulus for at least 9 out of the 12 trials in three consecutive sessions. A record was made of how many pairs each… 
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