Modelling facets of mania – new directions related to the notion of endophenotypes

@article{Einat2006ModellingFO,
  title={Modelling facets of mania – new directions related to the notion of endophenotypes},
  author={Haim Einat},
  journal={Journal of Psychopharmacology},
  year={2006},
  volume={20},
  pages={714 - 722}
}
  • H. Einat
  • Published 9 January 2006
  • Psychology
  • Journal of Psychopharmacology
The lack of appropriate animal models is a major limitation in research of bipolar disorder (BPD): at this time there are very few models for this devastating disease. Whereas limited attempts have been made to develop comprehensive models for BPD, the new notion of endophenotypes encourages us to explore the possibility of developing separate models for separate facets of the disorder. Since more models are available for depression, there is a dire need for models for mania that will be… 
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Establishment of a Battery of Simple Models for Facets of Bipolar Disorder: A Practical Approach to Achieve Increased Validity, Better Screening and Possible Insights into Endophenotypes of Disease
  • H. Einat
  • Psychology
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  • 2007
TLDR
It is suggested that the simplified resident–intruder paradigm may model the aggression related to mania as part of a test battery for facets of BPD, and it is further speculated that this paradigm can be combined with additional methods to explore changes in the LHPA axis that may be linked to an important endophenotype of B PD.
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Despite the title of Einat’s review, his ingenious suggestions for animal models of facets of mania mostly fail to deal with possible sub-clinical endophenotypes, but instead it focuses on aspects of animal behaviour that bear a superficial resemblance to at least one of the clinical features ofMania or hypomania in patients.
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A review of pharmacological, environmental and genetic manipulations developed to test the efficacy of therapeutics in animal models of mania and the predictive validity of these models is discussed in the context of differentiating drugs that succeed or fail to meet criteria as approved mania treatments.
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  • H. Einat
  • Biology, Psychology
    Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
  • 2011
TLDR
It is concluded that while each strategy offers significant contributions, it is important to combine the different approaches in order to be able to achieve novel, appropriate, and predictive models for bipolar disorder.
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There exists a need for increased collaboration between clinicians and basic scientists, the result of which should be to improve diagnosis, classification and treatment on one end and to increase the construct relevance of model organisms on the other.
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