Mitochondrial DNA and aging.
@article{Alexeyev2004MitochondrialDA, title={Mitochondrial DNA and aging.}, author={Mikhail F. Alexeyev and Susan P Ledoux and Glenn L. Wilson}, journal={Clinical science}, year={2004}, volume={107 4}, pages={ 355-64 } }
Among the numerous theories that explain the process of aging, the mitochondrial theory of aging has received the most attention. This theory states that electrons leaking from the ETC (electron transfer chain) reduce molecular oxygen to form O2*- (superoxide anion radicals). O2*-, through both enzymic and non-enzymic reactions, can cause the generation of other ROS (reactive oxygen species). The ensuing state of oxidative stress results in damage to ETC components and mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA…
149 Citations
Roles of mitochondrial DNA in decoding aging and aging related disorders
- Biology
- 2012
The newly developed mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have brought a new direction to experimental studies related to oxidative damage and they may provide potential drugs in near future for a variety of diseases including brain aging and neurodegenerative disorders.
Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Aging and Neurodegeneration
- BiologyAdvances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care
- 2019
In the present chapter, the authors describe mitochondria and its functioning, dynamics, and the mitochondrial dysfunction in aging and neurodegenerative disorders (NDs).
The role of mitochondrial DNA mutations in aging and sarcopenia: Implications for the mitochondrial vicious cycle theory of aging
- BiologyExperimental Gerontology
- 2008
Mitochondrial DNA and Inherited Diseases - A Comprehensive Review
- Biology
- 2011
An overview of mitochondrial DNA structure and function is given and more specifically the metabolic and molecular alterations in mitochondria, associated with human diseases and their clinical implications are outlined.
Role of mitochondrial DNA in toxic responses to oxidative stress.
- Biology, ChemistryDNA repair
- 2006
Oxidative stress induces degradation of mitochondrial DNA
- BiologyNucleic acids research
- 2009
It is shown that oxidative stress can lead to the degradation of mtDNA and that single strand breaks and abasic sites prevail over mutagenic base lesions in ROS‐damaged mtDNA, suggesting a novel mechanism for the protection of mt DNA against oxidative insults.
The Importance of Mitochondrial DNA in Aging and Cancer
- BiologyJournal of aging research
- 2011
The mechanisms described encompass altered production of mitochondrial ROS, altered regulation of the nuclear epigenome, affected initiation of apoptosis, and a limiting effect on the production of ribon nucleotides and deoxyribonucleotides.
Mitochondrial Aging and Age-Related Dysfunction of Mitochondria
- BiologyBioMed research international
- 2014
In aged tissues, enhanced mitochondria-mediated apoptosis contributes to an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells and implementation of strategies such as caloric restriction and regular physical training may delay mitochondrial aging and attenuate the age-related phenotype in humans.
Mitochondrial DNA Integrity: Role in Health and Disease
- BiologyCells
- 2019
The processes by which mtDNA integrity is maintained are reviewed, with an emphasis on the repair of oxidative DNA lesions, and the cellular consequences of diminished mitochondrial genome stability are reviewed.
Is there more to aging than mitochondrial DNA and reactive oxygen species?
- MedicineThe FEBS journal
- 2009
This review critically analyzes the experimental evidence that supports and refutes the Free Radical/Mitochondrial Theory of Aging, which has dominated the field of aging research for almost half a century.
References
SHOWING 1-10 OF 135 REFERENCES
Oxidative damage and mitochondrial decay in aging.
- BiologyProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
- 1994
Evidence supports the suggestion that age-associated accumulation of mitochondrial deficits due to oxidative damage is likely to be a major contributor to cellular, tissue, and organismal aging.
The mitochondrial theory of aging: dead or alive?
- BiologyAging cell
- 2003
A rigorous test of the hypothesis remains to be undertaken, but would require a direct manipulation of the rate of mtDNA mutagenesis, to test whether this could alter the kinetics of aging.
Is defective electron transport at the hub of aging?
- BiologyAging cell
- 2004
Later investigations indicate that aging has no overt effect on either the electron transport system or oxidative phosphorylation.
Defective repair of oxidative damage in mitochondrial DNA in Down's syndrome.
- BiologyMutation research
- 1998
Oxidative Stress, Caloric Restriction, and Aging
- BiologyScience
- 1996
Support for this hypothesis includes the following observations: (i) Overexpression of antioxidative enzymes retards the age-related accrual of oxidative damage and extends the maximum life-span of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster and (ii) Variations in longevity among different species inversely correlate with the rates of mitochondrial generation of the superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide.
Age-associated increase in 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine glycosylase/AP lyase activity in rat mitochondria.
- BiologyNucleic acids research
- 1999
The results suggest that the mitochondrial capacity to repair 8-oxo-dG, the main oxidative base damage suggested to accumulate with age in mtDNA, does not decrease, but rather increases with age, rather than a general up-regulation of DNA repair in mitochondria.
Are mitochondria a permanent source of reactive oxygen species?
- BiologyBiochimica et biophysica acta
- 2000