Metabolic triad in brain aging: mitochondria, insulin/IGF-1 signalling and JNK signalling.

@article{Yin2013MetabolicTI,
  title={Metabolic triad in brain aging: mitochondria, insulin/IGF-1 signalling and JNK signalling.},
  author={Fei Yin and Tianyi Jiang and Enrique Cadenas},
  journal={Biochemical Society transactions},
  year={2013},
  volume={41 1},
  pages={
          101-5
        }
}
Mitochondria generate second messengers, such as H2O2, that are involved in the redox regulation of cell signalling and their function is regulated by several cytosolic signalling pathways. IIS [insulin/IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) signalling] in the brain proceeds mainly through the PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase)-Akt (protein kinase B) pathway, which is involved in the regulation of synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival via the maintenance of the bioenergetic and metabolic… 
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