Memory and the hippocampus: a synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans.

@article{Squire1992MemoryAT,
  title={Memory and the hippocampus: a synthesis from findings with rats, monkeys, and humans.},
  author={Larry R. Squire},
  journal={Psychological review},
  year={1992},
  volume={99 2},
  pages={
          195-231
        }
}
  • L. Squire
  • Published 30 March 1992
  • Psychology, Medicine
  • Psychological review
This article considers the role of the hippocampus in memory function. A central thesis is that work with rats, monkeys, and humans--which has sometimes seemed to proceed independently in 3 separate literatures--is now largely in agreement about the function of the hippocampus and related structures. A biological perspective is presented, which proposes multiple memory systems with different functions and distinct anatomical organizations. The hippocampus (together with anatomically related… 
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This chapter addresses how a memory that is initially dependent on the hippocampus becomes represented in the cortex, independently of the hippocampus, and considers the degree to which evidence related to the mechanistic basis of memory consolidation in rodents applies to complex human memory.
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This framework suggests that tasks involving rapid, incidental conjunctive learning are better tests of hippocampal function, and is implemented in a computational neural network model that can account for a wide range of data in animal learning.
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References

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Memory and the Hippocampus
Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the role of the hippocampus and discusses the characteristics of amnesia. It also describes the case of human amnesia, which establishes the hippocampus as…
A selective mnemonic role for the hippocampus in monkeys: memory for the location of objects
TLDR
The results suggest that although the hippocampus and amygdala appear to participate equally in object recognition, only the hippocampus is critical for the rapid formation of object-place associations.
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We examine two different descriptions of the behavioral functions of the hippocampal system. One emphasizes spatially organized behaviors, especially those using cognitive maps. The other emphasizes…
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TLDR
It is asserted that the reactivation of the stored hippocampal memory index will serve to also reactivate the associated unique array of neocortical areas and thus will result in a memorial experience.
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This study compared spatial and nonspatial memory in amnesic patients with lesions of the hippocampal formation or diencephalon and suggested that the hippocampus is not especially involved in spatial memory, while cognitive mapping in its most abstract sense may describe hippocampal function.
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TLDR
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TLDR
A discrepancy between the clinical and animal literature could indicate a true evolutionary shift in the functions of the hippocampus, or, at the other extreme, it could simply reflect the use of incommensurate measures across species.
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Neuropsychology aims to describe how the brain accomplishes learning and memory, in a way that speaks both to cognitive psychology and neuroscience. This paper presents a summary of presently…
The primate hippocampal formation: evidence for a time-limited role in memory storage.
TLDR
Results show that the hippocampal formation is required for memory storage for only a limited period of time after learning, and as time passes, its role in memory diminishes, and a more permanent memory gradually develops independently of the hippocampus.
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