Mammalian milk allergy: clinical suspicion, cross-reactivities and diagnosis

@article{Jrvinen2009MammalianMA,
  title={Mammalian milk allergy: clinical suspicion, cross-reactivities and diagnosis},
  author={Kirsi M J{\"a}rvinen and Pantipa Chatchatee},
  journal={Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology},
  year={2009},
  volume={9},
  pages={251–258}
}
Purpose of reviewCow's milk allergy affects 2–3% of young children, the economic impact of which necessitates search for simple diagnostic tools and affordable milk substitutes. This review examines recent studies on the diagnosis of cow's milk allergy as well as on the allergenicity of milk from other mammalian species. Recent findingsResolution of symptoms during strict milk avoidance and their re-appearance during the double-blind, placebo-controlled milk challenge remains the gold standard… 
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Diagnostic approach and management of cow's-milk protein allergy in infants and children: ESPGHAN GI Committee practical guidelines.
OBJECTIVES This guideline provides recommendations for the diagnosis and management of suspected cow's-milk protein allergy (CMPA) in Europe. It presents a practical approach with a diagnostic…
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A systematic literature search was performed using Embase, Medline, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials for the diagnosis and treatment of cow's milk allergy (CMA).
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The definition, epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, evaluation, management, and prognosis of CMPA are reviewed and an overview of different options for formulas and their indication are provided.
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MAA is not superior to the conventional diagnostic tests based on the whole allergen extracts for diagnosis of CMPA, however, MAA can be useful in diagnosing tolerance to extensively heated milk proteins in baked foods.
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Overall data showed an adequate increase in auxological parameters measured after several months of AM consumption, and suggest that AM might be considered nutritionally adequate in infants and children with CMPA or multiple food allergies, included CMPA.
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TLDR
Significant research advances on cow milk allergy are explored, focusing on prevalence, diagnosis, and therapy, as well as the effects of processing, food matrix, and digestibility on milk allergenicity.
Consensus statement on diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of cow's milk protein allergy among infants and children in Turkey.
TLDR
Experts agreed that CMPA diagnosis should be based on symptomatic evaluation and diagnostic elimination diet as followed by implementation of an open challenge test after disappearance of symptoms and confirmation ofCMPA diagnosis in re-appearance of symptoms.
Clinical Relevance of Cross-Reactivity in Food Allergy.
Managing cows’ milk allergy in children
TLDR
The evidence on how to diagnose and manage cows’ milk allergy in children is reviewed and the mainstay of treatment is to remove cows' milk protein from the diet while ensuring the nutritional adequacy of any alternative.
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